Sex differences in the association between PTSD symptoms with cardiac autonomic function and subclinical atherosclerotic risk

Holmstrup, Michael E.; Jensen, Brock T.; Glasgow, Alaina; Heffernan, Kevin S.

doi:10.1111/cpf.12657

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…According to data from the literature, there are also sex differences in the association of PTSD symptoms and subclinical atherosclerosis. In men, increased PTSD symptoms may increase CVD risk by increasing sympathovagal balance and aortic stiffness [ 27 ]. For certain CVD conditions, particularly hypertension, the associations between wartime stressors and late-life cardiovascular comorbidities diverge across gender by women experiencing higher penalties for their exposure to war-related stressors than their male counterparts [ 28 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Diabetes Mellitus among War Veterans Seeking Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Mayer¹,

Mizdrak

Babić

et al. 2021

Healthcare

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Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the most common psychiatric disorders. However, we should not neglect the somatic aspects of PTSD. Associations with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are particularly concerning because PTSD was associated with an even 53% higher risk for CVD. This study aimed to analyze the prevalence of several CVD risk factors, especially diabetes mellitus among PTSD patients divided into three groups according to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) risk stratification (low, intermediate, and high). This cross-sectional study included one hundred male PTSD veterans. The mean age was 53 (40–67) years. The estimated OSA risk was 95% for the whole cohort, and 53% were in the high-risk group. Median HbA1c was 5.6 (4.6–10)%. The hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels showed that 34 patients were in the prediabetes group, and 20 of them fulfilled the criteria for diabetes. However, only 13 of them were aware of their previous diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. In testing knowledge about diabetes, 62% and only 23% of patients knew the correct definition of HbA1c and level of fasting plasma glucose, respectively. Diabetic patients had insufficient knowledge about diabetic complications and treatment. A higher level of PTSD symptoms in veterans was associated with a higher prevalence of OSA. The results strongly support further research and education into early detection of CVD risk factors associated with PTSD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Diabetes Mellitus among War Veterans Seeking Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Mayer¹,

Mizdrak

Babić

et al. 2021

Healthcare

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…For women, PTSD was associated with metabolic syndrome overall (adjusted OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.01–1.95) and the prevalence of the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol component (adjusted OR = 1.98, 95% CI = 1.04–2.12), indicating that the relationship between PTSD and metabolic syndrome may be confined to women. Finally, a small cross-sectional study ( n = 61) found sex differences in the association between subclinical PTSD symptoms and subclinical atherosclerosis in young adults [ 62 ]. In men, PTSD symptom severity was associated with increased aortic stiffness, indicative of vascular damage which may contribute to the increased risk of CVD.…”

Section: Medical and Psychiatric Comorbiditiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex-Based Contributors to and Consequences of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

Hiscox

Sharp

Olff

et al. 2023

Curr Psychiatry Rep

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Purpose of Review Women are twice as likely to develop post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) compared to men after a traumatic experience. The purpose of this mini review was to explore recent research on biological contributors to this sex difference. Recent Findings We identified 51 studies published since 2019. Studies found that beyond the influence of sex on the prevalence and symptoms of PTSD, there is evidence for and against sex-based differences in genetic and epigenetic factors (n = 8), brain structure and function (n = 11), neuroendocrine and inflammatory responses (n = 5), and in the role of sleep on emotional memory processing (n = 1). Sex differences were also observed in recovery and during PTSD treatment (n = 16). Finally, there is emerging evidence of sex-differentiated risk for medical and psychiatric comorbidities in PTSD (n = 10). Summary Rapid advances are being made using integrated multidisciplinary approaches to understand why females are at a heightened risk for developing PTSD.

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The effect of reducing posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms on cardiovascular risk: Design and methodology of a randomized clinical trial

LoSavio

Beckham

Wells

et al. 2021

Contemporary Clinical Trials

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Sex differences in the association between PTSD symptoms with cardiac autonomic function and subclinical atherosclerotic risk

Abstract: Although the overall incidence of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is low in the general population (estimated to be ~12%), PTSD is still a formidable public health concern (Spottswood, Davydow, & Huang, 2017). PTSD increases risk for early-age car

Cited by 4 publications

References 52 publications

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Diabetes Mellitus among War Veterans Seeking Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Knowledge, Attitudes, and Screening for Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Diabetes Mellitus among War Veterans Seeking Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder

Sex-Based Contributors to and Consequences of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

The effect of reducing posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms on cardiovascular risk: Design and methodology of a randomized clinical trial

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