Sex differences in the effectiveness of statins after myocardial infarction

Karp, Igor; Chen, Shun-Fu; Pilote, Louise

doi:10.1503/cmaj.060627

Cited by 31 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Also, note that the male patient's optimal LR thresholds are never higher than those of the female patient, and the deviation between their optimal LR thresholds are more significant at younger ages. These results are consistent with a recent epidemiological study that has shown that relative cardiovascular risk reduction by treatment is lower for female patients than it is for male patients (Karp et al, 2007). Moreover, they also confirm a meta-analysis of clinical trials for lipid-lowering treatment agents which has demonstrated lesser benefit of treatment for female patients than for male patients (Walsh and Pignone 2004).…”

Section: Numerical Studysupporting

confidence: 91%

The structure of optimal statin initiation policies for patients with Type 2 diabetes

Kurt¹,

Denton²,

Schaefer³

et al. 2011

IIE Transactions on Healthcare Systems Engineering

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Lipid abnormalities increase the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke in patients with Type 2 diabetes. Statins can be used to treat these abnormalities, but may have adverse side effects. In this article, we consider the optimal timing of statin initiation for patients with Type 2 diabetes. We formulate an infinite-horizon Markov decision process to maximize the patient's quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) prior to the occurrence of the first CHD or stroke event. We describe the state of the process by the patient's lipid ratio levels, and derive structural properties of the resulting optimal stopping time model, including sufficient conditions for the optimality of control-limit policies with respect to patient's lipid ratio levels and age. We use a large clinical data set to parameterize our model and compute optimal treatment policies to demonstrate the clinical implications of our results. We illustrate the importance of individualized treatment factors by estimating the patients' QALY gains using our customized policies rather than current U.S. guidelines.

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Section: Numerical Studysupporting

confidence: 91%

The structure of optimal statin initiation policies for patients with Type 2 diabetes

Kurt¹,

Denton²,

Schaefer³

et al. 2011

IIE Transactions on Healthcare Systems Engineering

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“…They calculated outcomes classifying the ambiguous cases in 3different ways: as missing values, as cardiac deaths, and as noncardiac deaths. 32 The results using all 3methods wereequivalent.…”

Section: Study Overview: #6mentioning

confidence: 92%

Differentiating Effective Data Mining From Fishing, Trapping, and Cruelty to Numbers

Fairman¹

2007

JMCP

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“…This infarct size limiting effect of statins is abrogated by concomitant administration of aspirin [268]. Additionally, statins improve longterm survival, cardiac-related and all-cause mortality rates in these patients [269]. A smaller degree of risk reduction has been reported for women compared with men [269].…”

Section: F) Statins and Cardiac Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Emerging Indications for Statins: A Pluripotent Family of Agents with Several Potential Applications

Paraskevas¹,

Tzovaras²,

Briana³

et al. 2007

CPD

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Statins are pluripotent agents exhibiting multiple non-lipid-lowering actions. Besides their established role in the management of hypercholesterolemia, statins may also have beneficial actions in other pathological conditions, namely: a) osteoporosis and osteoporosis-related bone fractures, b) cancer, c) solid organ transplantation, d) cerebrovascular events (transient ischemic attack and stroke episodes), e) various neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease and multiple sclerosis, f) cardiac arrhythmias and heart failure, g) renal diseases, h) rheumatoid arthritis, i) autoimmune diseases, j) sepsis, and k) allergic asthma. We reviewed the literature searching for studies that support or oppose the use of statins in each proposed indication. In some of these emerging indications, a role for statin treatment is more firmly set; for others, current evidence is more controversial. Future trials may reveal more convincing evidence that will make statin use necessary in the therapeutic management of several diseases.

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Sex differences in the effectiveness of statins after myocardial infarction

Abstract: Sex differences in the effectiveness of statins after myocardial infarctionBackground: We sought to investigate the sex differences in the effectiveness of statins in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Cited by 31 publications

References 41 publications

The structure of optimal statin initiation policies for patients with Type 2 diabetes

The structure of optimal statin initiation policies for patients with Type 2 diabetes

Differentiating Effective Data Mining From Fishing, Trapping, and Cruelty to Numbers

Emerging Indications for Statins: A Pluripotent Family of Agents with Several Potential Applications

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