Sex Differences in the Inferior Parietal Lobule

Frederikse, Melissa

doi:10.1093/cercor/9.8.896

Cited by 115 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…This result is in agreement with the neuroimaging data of Frederikse et al 36 that the volume of the IPL in males is normally asymmetric (L>R), and this asymmetry is decreased in schizophrenia 3,36 . A functional MRI study 37 also demonstrated that the largest functional asymmetries (L>R) are in the IPL in healthy controls but not in schizophrenia patients during the resting state.…”

Section: Oligodendrocyte Density and Asymmetrysupporting

confidence: 93%

Reduced oligodendroglial density in the inferior parietal lobule and lack of insight in schizophrenia

2013

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-Background and Objectives: Alterations and deficits of oligodendrocytes reported in the grey and white matter in schizophrenia may contribute to neuronal disconnectivity. Prefrontal-parietal functional disconnections have been implicated in diverse clinical symptoms of schizophrenia, including poor insight. We studied the effects of schizophrenia diagnosis and insight on numerical density (Nv) of oligodendrocytes in the inferior parietal lobule (IPL).Methods: Nissl-stained sections from the Stanley "Parietal Collection" from male schizophrenia subjects (n = 24) having poor, fair, or good insight and healthy matched controls (n = 24) were examined. The Nv of oligodendrocytes was estimated in layer 3 of BA 39 and BA 40 of the IPL and in white matter underlying layer 6 by optical dissector method.Results: In BA 39 we found a significant 15% decrease in the Nv of oligodendrocytes in layer 3 in the schizophrenia group. Nv of oligodendrocytes in the poor+fair insight subgroup was 20% lower compared to controls (p< 0.05) and to good insight subgroup (p = 0.055). Nv of oligodendrocytes in the good insight subgroup did not differ from the control group. A significant lateralization of oligodendrocyte density was detected in layer 3 (L>R) only in the control group. There were no significant group differences in the Nv of oligodendrocytes in BA 40 or in the white matter underlying BA 39/40 areas.Conclusions: Lack of insight in schizophrenia may be associated with a deficit of oligodendroglia in the grey matter of IPL.

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Section: Oligodendrocyte Density and Asymmetrysupporting

confidence: 93%

Reduced oligodendroglial density in the inferior parietal lobule and lack of insight in schizophrenia

2013

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“…Sex-related differences in this region had been previously found, but with inconsistencies between studies using VBM and manual segmentation. 14,16,44 Our findings regarding patients with AS substantiate the view that atypical expression of sex differences is linked to the etiology of AS. Because the key findings were interactions between sex and diagnosis, this indicates that investigating atypical sexual dimorphism in AS is essential to gain insight into the etiology of the condition.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 81%

Autism Attenuates Sex Differences in Brain Structure: A Combined Voxel-Based Morphometry and Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study

Beacher¹,

Minati²,

Baron‐Cohen³

et al. 2011

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol

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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:It has been proposed that autism spectrums condition may represent a form of extreme male brain (EMB), a notion supported by psychometric, behavioral, and endocrine evidence. Yet, limited data are presently available evaluating this hypothesis in terms of neuroanatomy. Here, we investigated sex-related anatomic features in adults with AS, a "pure" form of autism not involving major developmental delay.

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“…Compared to placebo, the ERT-treated group in that study showed increased activation of the inferior parietal lobule during storage of nonsense words. That same brain region shows activation associated with the storage and retrieval of phonological material during a working memory task [24] and structural sex differences in regional brain volume [11]. Together, these studies suggest several mechanisms by which estrogen may enhance verbal memory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Implicit memory varies across the menstrual cycle: estrogen effects in young women

2002

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Evidence that ovarian steroid hormones such as estrogen and progesterone affect cognition comes from studies of memory in older women receiving estrogen replacement therapy and studies of sexually dimorphic skills in young women across the menstrual cycle. Sixteen women (ages 18-28) completed tests of memory (implicit category exemplar generation, category-cued recall, implicit fragmented object identification) and sexually dimorphic skills (fine motor coordination, verbal fluency, mental rotations) at the early follicular (low estrogen and progesterone) and midluteal (high estrogen and progesterone) phases of the menstrual cycle. Performance on category exemplar generation, a test of conceptual implicit memory, was better at the midluteal than the follicular phase. In contrast, performance on a test of explicit memory, category-cued recall, did not vary across the menstrual cycle. At Session 1, women in the follicular phase performed better on the fragmented object identification task than did those in the midluteal phase. This unexpected finding suggests that high levels of ovarian hormones might inhibit perceptual object priming. Results confirmed previous reports of decreased mental rotations and improved motor skills and fluency in the midluteal phase. Estradiol levels correlated positively with verbal fluency and negatively with mental rotations and perceptual priming, which suggest that estrogen, and not progesterone, was responsible for the observed changes in cognition. Mood did not vary across the cycle phases. Overall, the findings suggest that estrogen may facilitate the automatic activation of verbal representations in memory.

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Sex Differences in the Inferior Parietal Lobule

Cited by 115 publications

References 59 publications

Reduced oligodendroglial density in the inferior parietal lobule and lack of insight in schizophrenia

Reduced oligodendroglial density in the inferior parietal lobule and lack of insight in schizophrenia

Autism Attenuates Sex Differences in Brain Structure: A Combined Voxel-Based Morphometry and Diffusion Tensor Imaging Study

Implicit memory varies across the menstrual cycle: estrogen effects in young women

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