Sex differences in the management and long-term outcome of acute myocardial infarction. A statewide study. MIDAS Study Group. Myocardial Infarction Data Acquisition System.

Abstract

Women with acute myocardial infarction are less likely to have invasive cardiac procedures and have higher 3-year adjusted death rate up to age 70 than men.

Differences in patient-reported processes and outcomes between men and women with myocardial infarction

“…Previous studies have documented gender differences between men and women in procedure use and mortality among patients hospitalized with myocardial infarction, [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] but few studies have assessed whether there are differences in processes and outcomes that require patient perceptions to measure. We found that women had worse health status outcomes than men, as indicated by worse physical and mental health, a greater likelihood of spending time in bed due to ill health, and a lower likelihood of returning to work 3 months after discharge; however, we found no differences in the quality of interpersonal communication or health behavior counseling for men and women.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Women hospitalized with myocardial infarctions are less likely to be treated with thrombolytics or revascularization. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Women also have a higher mortality rate following myocardial infarction, which may be partially explained by higher ages and increased comorbidity.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Women hospitalized with myocardial infarctions are less likely to be treated with thrombolytics or revascularization. [1][2][3][4][5][6] Women also have a higher mortality rate following myocardial infarction, which may be partially explained by higher ages and increased comorbidity. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Despite this extensive literature comparing procedures and mortality in men and women with myocardial infarction, there is little information about patients' perceptions of processes and outcomes.…”

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6] Women also have a higher mortality rate following myocardial infarction, which may be partially explained by higher ages and increased comorbidity. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] Despite this extensive literature comparing procedures and mortality in men and women with myocardial infarction, there is little information about patients' perceptions of processes and outcomes. For example, little is known about processes of care that require patient reports to measure, such as the quality of communication during the hospitalization or at the time of discharge, or health education discussions with providers.…”

402 Sex Preferences in Cardiovascular Testing: The Contribution of the Patient-Physician Discussion

“…1 Despite this increased risk of mortality, studies have continually showed delayed treatment in women with coronary artery disease (CAD), particularly with invasive procedures such as diagnostic catheterization. [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] Women are also less likely to receive front-line intervention such as electrocardiogram (ECG), oxygen saturation measurement, and evidence-based pharmacotherapies. [10][11][12] Research has identified a number of explanations for these discrepancies, which can be categorized into three general themes: quantifiable clinical differences, physician bias, and patient preferences.…”