Sex Disparities in Pediatric Acute Rhinosinusitis: A National Perspective

Shah, Vraj P.; Haimowitz, Sean; Desai, Amar D.; Barron, Kendyl; Patel, Prayag; Fang, Christina H.; Grube, Jordon G.; Baredes, Soly; Eloy, Jean Anderson

doi:10.1177/01945998221077190

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 47 publications

(148 reference statements)

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“…There was no difference in rates of mortality or length of hospital stay based on biological sex. However, male patients also underwent more procedures in general than female patients 55 . In the allergic fungal rhinosinusitis patient population, 77% of patients presenting with bone erosion on CT were males 56 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological sex as a modulator in rhinologic anatomy, physiology, and pathology: A scoping review

Ramkumar

Brar

Marks

et al. 2023

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol

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BackgroundBiological sex is increasingly recognized as a critical variable in health care. The authors reviewed the current literature regarding sex‐based differences in rhinology to summarize the data and identify critical knowledge gaps.MethodsA scoping review was conducted. Publications reporting sex‐based differences in anatomy, physiology, and pathology focusing on disease prevalence, disease burden, and outcomes in rhinology were identified.ResultsSeventy‐five relevant manuscripts were identified. While paranasal sinuses are of similar size at birth, they become larger in males leading to differences in ostium location. Females outperform males in olfactory identification but only in the 18‐ to 50‐year age group. Estrogen and progesterone administration can impact muscarinic and α1‐adrenergic nasal mucosa receptor density. Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and CRS without nasal polyps are more prevalent in females while CRS with nasal polyps is more prevalent in males. CRS symptom burden is higher in females before and after endoscopic sinus surgery; however, no difference in endoscopic sinus surgery utilization was found based on sex. Allergic rhinitis is more common in males before puberty and in females after puberty. Epistaxis is more prevalent in males and postmenopausal females compared with premenopausal females, perhaps from differences in sex‐hormonal and hypertension status. In nasopharyngeal carcinoma, the incidence of sinus abnormalities was higher in males than females.ConclusionsAlthough many sex‐based differences exist in rhinology, further research is necessary to offer evidence‐based treatment guidelines. Gonadal hormones should be studied as a therapeutic in rhinologic pathology as baseline physiologic differences exist such as those found in nasal mucosa receptor density.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biological sex as a modulator in rhinologic anatomy, physiology, and pathology: A scoping review

Ramkumar

Brar

Marks

et al. 2023

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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A Scoping Review of the Intracranial Complications of Pediatric Sinusitis

Cress,

Green,

Jain

et al. 2024

Otolaryngol.--head neck surg.

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ObjectiveIntracranial complications of pediatric sinusitis are uncommon but are often associated with significant morbidity, especially when appropriate care is delayed. The present study aimed to identify commonalities for the development and progression of these complications in the pediatric population.Data SourcesCENTRAL, CINAHL, Citation searching, ClinicalTrials.gov, Embase, Google Scholar, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and World Health Organization.Review MethodsA comprehensive literature search was performed using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐analyses scoping review guidelines. Studies describing intracranial infections secondary to sinusitis in the pediatric population (age <18 years) were included. Studies in which adult and pediatric data were not separated and studies in which the pediatric cohort was fewer than 10 cases were excluded. Ultimately, 33 studies describing 1149 unique patient cases were included for data collection and analysis.ResultsOur analysis revealed intracranial complications were more common in adolescent males. Most children presented with over 1 week of vague symptoms, such as headache and fever. The majority of complications were diagnosed radiographically with computed tomography. Subdural empyema and epidural abscess were the most common intracranial complications reported. On average, patients were admitted for over 2 weeks. Most children were treated with a combination of antibiotics and surgical intervention. Complications were rare, but when present, were often associated with significant morbidity.ConclusionThis scoping review of the available literature has provided insight into commonalities among pediatric patients who develop intracranial complications of sinusitis, providing a foundation for further study to inform medical and surgical decision‐making in this population.

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