Sex estimation

Christensen, Angi M.; Passalacqua, Nicholas V.; Bartelink, Eric J.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-815734-3.00008-7

Cited by 14 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 42 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“… 7 For the sex estimation from the nonmetric method where the visual assessment is done, the pelvis is considered most dimorphic owing to the morphological changes due to childbirth. 7 The long bones preferably from the upper limbs are considered more accurate for the metric method of sex estimation where the measurements are obtained from the bone and analyzed using discriminant function and regression equations. 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 A greater degree of sexual dimorphism is also seen in the skull like mastoid size, gonial angle, size, shape, and so forth, and the skull is considered for both metric and nonmetric methods of sex estimation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although various methods have been employed for sex estimation in forensic casework there is no absolute cut‐off for reliability as even a random guess is correct 50% of the time. 7 Therefore, in forensic practice any method which is less than 80% accurate is considered less reliable. 7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 7 Therefore, in forensic practice any method which is less than 80% accurate is considered less reliable. 7 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Morphometric analysis of the foramen magnum in sex estimation: An additional 3DCT study from Nepal on a larger sample

Atreya

Shrestha²,

Bhandari

et al. 2022

Health Science Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Estimation of sex of the skeletal remains plays a vital part in the identification of an individual. This study is focused on the morphometric measurements of the foramen magnum region and examining the accuracy of sexual dimorphism in the Nepalese population. Methods Measurements were obtained from 3D computed tomography (CT) scan of 261 Nepalese adult cranial bases with known age and sex. Length and breadth of the foramen magnum, length and breadth of right and left occipital condyles and maximum and minimum intercondylar distance were measured on the base of the skull CT images. Results The mean values for all parameters were higher in males than females except for the maximum intercondylar distance. Sex prediction done with discriminant function analysis could classify the skull with an overall accuracy of 70.5%–71%. Conclusions It can be concluded from the results that the morphometric study of the foramen magnum is less reliable for sex estimation in the Nepalese population.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Morphometric analysis of the foramen magnum in sex estimation: An additional 3DCT study from Nepal on a larger sample

Atreya

Shrestha²,

Bhandari

et al. 2022

Health Science Reports

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Both metric and morphological traits have been used previously for skeletal sexing (e.g., Buikstra & Ubelaker, 1994; Novotny, 1975; Rösing et al, 2007; Stloukal, 1982). Traditionally, metric traits have been used to construct binary decision rules based on the application of a discriminant function to one or several metric traits (e.g., Albanese et al, 2005; Alt et al, 1995; Christensen et al, 2014; Garcia‐Campos et al, 2018; Henke, 1977). Morphological traits have typically been used to arrive at a 3‐ (female, indeterminate, and male) or 5‐point (female, probable female, indeterminate, probable male, and male) ordinal scale.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Best practice for osteological sexing in forensics and bioarchaeology: The utility of combining metric and morphological traits from different anatomical regions

Navitainuck

Vach

Alt

et al. 2021

Intl J of Osteoarchaeology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This paper aims to systematically investigate the value of combining traits from different anatomical regions in osteological sexing by contrasting the utility of single traits and established scores with those of ensembles of traits from single or multiple anatomical regions, allowing metric and morphological traits to be combined. The utility was defined as the fraction of the population for whom we could reach a posterior probability above 95% of being male or female. A total of 675 adult individuals from the sixth to eighth century AD cemetery of Mannheim Bösfeld, Germany, were assessed, and 27 postcranial metric traits and 41 morphological traits from the pelvis, mandible, and cranium were used. In addition, 13 metric and 3 morphological scores were considered. Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was used to construct rules and cross validation to determine accuracy and utility. These parameters were determined for single traits and scores, trait groups defined by anatomical regions and/or previously considered in the literature, and ensembles of traits defined by selecting several promising traits from different anatomical regions. Accuracy of single traits ranged from 0.76 to 0.94, with scores even reaching 0.97, but utility remained around 0.2-0.4 for metric traits and up to 0.6 for morphological traits. Only scores and ensembles combining traits from different anatomical regions reached a utility above 0.7; that is, sex could be estimated in more than 70% of the individuals with a posterior probability above 95%. When selecting a limited number of traits for systematic sexing in a human skeletal series, it is advisable to select traits from different anatomical regions to obtain a reasonably reliable result in as many individuals as possible. Large scale investigations covering all relevant anatomical regions and involving a wide range of populations are required for more precise recommendations.

show abstract

“…Krogman and Íscan 1 asserted that sex assessment was possible, with levels of reliability of 100% when the entire skeleton is present, 92% using the skull alone, and 98% when combining pelvis and skull. Together with pelvic bones, the skull remains among the most dimorphic segments of the skeleton, although this determination has its reliability totally established only after puberty 2,3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex dimorphism according to the nasozygomatic triangle

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sex is one of the first features to be diagnosed in human identification, composing, with age, ancestry and stature, the so called “big four”. Aim: The present study aimed to metrically analyze the sexual dimorphism in skulls of known age and sex from Rio Grande do Sul – Brazil. Methods: This was a crosssectional study of metrical analysis, which used a sample comprised of 209 human skulls (106 male and 103 female) older than 22 years old at the time of death, undamaged and without signs of trauma or abnormalities. The point nasion and the most superior points on the zygomaticotemporal sutures from each side were connected forming a triangle. This area was calculated using Heron’s formula, and the results were submitted for statistical analysis. Results: All measurements showed significant values for sexual dimorphism. Through the area of the triangle, it was possible to determine sex with an accuracy of 83.97% for males and 83.50% for females. Conclusion: This simple method requires only a caliper, and still can be reliable for forensic human identification. It must be diffused and tested on other samples, and can be used as a good and inexpensive tool for experts in day-to-day practice.

show abstract

Sex estimation

Cited by 14 publications

References 42 publications

Morphometric analysis of the foramen magnum in sex estimation: An additional 3DCT study from Nepal on a larger sample

Morphometric analysis of the foramen magnum in sex estimation: An additional 3DCT study from Nepal on a larger sample

Best practice for osteological sexing in forensics and bioarchaeology: The utility of combining metric and morphological traits from different anatomical regions

Sex dimorphism according to the nasozygomatic triangle

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About