Sex, Gender, and Pain: “Men are from Mars, Women are from Venus...”

Chronic pain, associated factors, and impact on daily life: are there differences between the sexes?

“…The relationship between gender and pain is not simple, and many studies have attempted to discover the reasons for differences in the perception of pain between women and men 13,14,15,16,17 . Some evidence suggests that endogenous and exogenous differences in the modulation of pain vary between men and women.…”

“…From a more biological perspective, hormonal factors differ between the sexes and influence the perception of pain in men and women 18,19 . Some authors 15 contend that differences between the sexes are not limited to genetic and hormonal factors or social roles, but that there is a complex interaction between individual factors that requires more in-depth understanding.…”

Neuropathic Pain and Depression: A Prospective Study to find out Any Association

“…And maximum number of patients were moderately depressed in their first visit to us according to the diagnostic algorithms given by PHQ-9 scale. However, there was no statistical significant correlation with the type of pain with the depression severity as assessed by PHQ-9 scale (p = 0.86) Studies [36][37][38][39] have also reported a higher prevalence of depression in women patients. In our study, we have also found out that a higher percentage of female (64%) were depressed at the time they visited us with complains of chronic pain.…”

Pharmacological treatment of pain and pain-related disorders.

“…These biopsychosocial experiences play an important role in acceptance or acknowledgment of pain, as well as in adherence issues involving recommended psychotropic pain management plans. However, Chin and Rosenquist (2009) do suggest that some bias may exist in pain research. They found male patients were less prone to report pain to female interviewers and female patients were more willing to report pain to male interviewers (Chin & Rosenquist, 2009).…”

“…However, Chin and Rosenquist (2009) do suggest that some bias may exist in pain research. They found male patients were less prone to report pain to female interviewers and female patients were more willing to report pain to male interviewers (Chin & Rosenquist, 2009).…”