Sex hormone-binding globulin gene expression in the liver: Drugs and the metabolic syndrome

Abstract

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Comparison of two mitotane starting dose regimens in patients with advanced adrenocortical carcinoma

“…In vitro studies showed that mitotane increases the synthesis of steroid binding protein (26,27). In our study, SHBG was markedly increased, whereas in males free T was decreased and LH was increased.…”

The Relationship between Sex Hormones, Sex Hormone Binding Globulin and Peripheral Artery Disease in Older Persons

“…The mechanism underlying the relationship between SHBG and PAD is not completely understood (32) . SHBG is produced by liver and is down-regulated by insulin levels (32)(33)(34) .…”

“…SHBG is produced by liver and is down-regulated by insulin levels (32)(33)(34) . Along with the well-known role of transport protein SHBG is also involved in other independent functions (32,(35)(36) .…”

“…SHBG is produced by liver and is down-regulated by insulin levels (32)(33)(34) . Along with the well-known role of transport protein SHBG is also involved in other independent functions (32,(35)(36) . Emerging evidence attests that even sex hormones bound to SHBG may directly mediate cell-surface signaling, cellular delivery, and biologic action of sex hormones (35)(36) .…”

“…Moreover, some studies have associated low circulating levels of SHBG with impaired glucose control, diabetes and MS, suggesting its independent role in the maintenance of glucose homeostasis (37)(38) . In particular, some polymorphisms in the SHBG gene, such as rs6257 and rs6259, are associated with insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes and MS (32,(37)(38)(39) . Monosaccharide-induced lipogenesis reduces hepatic HNF-4α levels, a transcription factor that plays a critical role in controlling the SHBG promoter, which in turn attenuates SHBG expression (32) .…”