Sex Hormone Effects on Body Fluid Regulation

Stachenfeld, Nina S.

doi:10.1097/jes.0b013e31817be928

Cited by 165 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…This is in accordance with the GenSalt study, performed in a large number of participants in rural China [6]. Perhaps, this must not be a surprise given the complex effects of sex hormones on body fluid regulation [11], and greater aldosterone response in women [12]. Also in the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) salt study, women had a greater BP response to reduction of dietary salt while on DASH diet [13].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Sex differences in salt-sensitivity risk approximated from ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and mortality

Bursztyn

Ben‐Dov

2013

Journal of Hypertension

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Sex differences in salt-sensitivity risk approximated from ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and mortality

Bursztyn

Ben‐Dov

2013

Journal of Hypertension

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“…In addition to testosterone, other sex steroid hormones such as estrogen and progesterone have also been shown to affect kidney H 2 O handling. Androgen, estrogen, and progesterone receptors have been reported to be expressed in the kidney, [19][20][21][22] suggesting that kidney functions are controlled by sex steroids. Estrogen was found to directly affect AQP expression in the kidney.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of gonadectomy and testosterone treatment on aquaporin expression in the kidney of normotensive and hypertensive rats

Loh

Giribabu

Salleh

2017

Exp Biol Med (Maywood)

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We tested the hypothesis that testosterone-induced increase in blood pressure was due to changes in aquaporin (AQP) expression in kidneys. In this study, expression level of kidney AQPs was investigated under testosterone influence. Adult normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) and hypertensive SHR male and female rats underwent gonadectomy. For female rats, testosterone was given for six weeks duration, two weeks following ovariectomy via subcutaneous silastic implant. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was measured in all the rats after eight weeks via carotid artery cannulation and the rats were then sacrificed and kidneys were harvested for analyses of AQP-1, 2, 3, 4, 6, and 7 mRNA and protein expressions by quantitative real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Distribution of AQP subunits' protein in kidneys was observed by immunofluorescence. In male WKY rats, MAP, AQP-1, 2, 4, and 7 protein; and mRNA expression decreased however AQP-3 protein and mRNA expression increased following orchidectomy. The vice versa effects were observed in testosterone-treated ovariectomized female WKY rats. However, no changes in AQP-6 expression were observed. Meanwhile, in adult male SHR rats, MAP and expression level of all AQP subunits decreased following orchidectomy. The opposite effects were seen in ovariectomized female SHR rats following testosterone treatment. Immunofluorescence study showed AQP-1 and AQP-7 were distributed in the proximal convoluted tubules (PCT) while AQP-2, AQP-4, and AQP-6 were distributed in the collecting ducts (CDs). AQP-3 was distributed in the PCT and CD. In conclusion, changes in AQP subunit expression in kidneys could explain changes in blood pressure under testosterone influence. Impact statement This study provides fundamental understanding on the mechanisms underlying testosterone-induced increase in blood pressure which involve regulation of aquaporin channel subunits in the kidneys. A better understanding of this issue can help to explain the reason for higher blood pressure in males as compared to females and may explain the reason for higher blood pressure in females after menopause than females before menopause, the former most probably related to the changes in female androgen.

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“…In addition, central actions of estrogen influenced body fluid regulation [53]. Stachenfeld et al [54] reported that estrogen therapy retained body water in menopausal women to avoid dehydration. Thus, estradiol lowered the operating point for osmoregulation of arginine vasopressin and thirst and increased plasma volume [55].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Ovariectomy and 17<i>β</i>-Estradiol Replacement on Dopamine D2 Receptors in Female Rats: Consequences on Sucrose, Alcohol, Water Intakes and Body Weight

Bâ¹,

Silué²,

Bamba³

et al. 2018

JBBS

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Background: Mechanisms underlying overeating-induced obesity in postmenopausal woman include functional lack of 17β-estradiol dysregulating dopamine D2 receptors, thereby inducing food addiction, glucose craving or alcohol dependence through reward circuitry. This study aimed at further understanding 17β-estradiol and dopamine D2 receptors interferences in the etiology of woman obesity. Method: Seventy-two Wistar female rats weighing 200 -205 g, individually-housed, were divided into non-ovariectomized control (C = 6 groups) and ovariectomized rats (OVX = 6 groups) which were concurrently subjected to the following treatments: Non-drug-treated (DMSO vehicle), 17β-estradiol (E2, 5 µg/kg, s.c.), sulpiride (SUL, 20 mg/kg, i.p.), bromocriptine (BR, 0.1 mg/kg, i.p.), E2 + SUL or E2 + BR, designating the 6 constitutive groups of either control or ovariectomy. Within each experimental group, consumption of different solutions (10% alcohol, 10% sucrose and water) as well as food intake and body weight were daily measured, for 10 consecutive days. Results: This study indicated that D2S was a specific inducer of alcohol and food intakes, but reduced sugar consumption. In addition, 17β-estradiol regulated the body weight set point, modulating D2S functions towards increased food intake at lower weights and decreased food intake at higher weights. D2S met the slow genomic actions induced by 17β-estradiol. Conversely, D2L inhibited alcohol and food intakes, but induced specifically sugar consumption, thereby regulating blood glucose levels and promoting energy expenditure in reducing body weight. Indeed, 17β-estradiol exerted a tonic inhibition on D2L which was released by OVX, exacerbating sugar intake and increasing body weight. D2L mediated the rapid metabolic effects of that activation of the mostly expressed presynaptically D2S-class autoreceptors decreased dopamine release stimulating food intake, whereas activation of the predominantly postsynaptic isoform D2L receptors increased dopamine activity inhibiting food intake. Our studies indicated that 17β-estradiol acted on the two types of D2 receptors showing opposite functions to equilibrate energy intake vs. expenditure for weight set point regulation. Our data also supported biochemical findings reporting that 17β-estradiol induced D2 genes transcriptional regulation, thereby involving both types of D2 receptors in the etiology of obesity. The combined dysregulated effects of D2L and D2S receptors, as 17β-estradiol was lacking, would be causal factors underlying the etiology of obesity.

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Sex Hormone Effects on Body Fluid Regulation

Cited by 165 publications

References 31 publications

Sex differences in salt-sensitivity risk approximated from ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and mortality

Sex differences in salt-sensitivity risk approximated from ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and mortality

Effects of gonadectomy and testosterone treatment on aquaporin expression in the kidney of normotensive and hypertensive rats

Effects of Ovariectomy and 17<i>β</i>-Estradiol Replacement on Dopamine D2 Receptors in Female Rats: Consequences on Sucrose, Alcohol, Water Intakes and Body Weight

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Sex Hormone Effects on Body Fluid Regulation

Cited by 165 publications

References 31 publications

Sex differences in salt-sensitivity risk approximated from ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and mortality

Sex differences in salt-sensitivity risk approximated from ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and mortality

Effects of gonadectomy and testosterone treatment on aquaporin expression in the kidney of normotensive and hypertensive rats

Effects of Ovariectomy and 17&lt;i&gt;β&lt;/i&gt;-Estradiol Replacement on Dopamine D2 Receptors in Female Rats: Consequences on Sucrose, Alcohol, Water Intakes and Body Weight

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Effects of Ovariectomy and 17<i>β</i>-Estradiol Replacement on Dopamine D2 Receptors in Female Rats: Consequences on Sucrose, Alcohol, Water Intakes and Body Weight