Sex Pheromones of Noctuid Moths. XXVI. Female Release Rate, Male Response Threshold, and Communication Distance for Trichoplusia ni1,2

Sower, L. L.; Gaston, Lyle K.; Shorey, H. H.

doi:10.1093/aesa/64.6.1448

Cited by 55 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…The active space concept is readily understood as the plume area where male moths detect female moth pheromone (Sower et al 1971;Nakamura and Kawasaki 1977;Baker and Roelofs 1981;. It is time- Fig.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One parameter that could be used in models described above is the active space, defined by as the volume of air inside in which the odor concentration is above the threshold that elicits a behavioral reaction in the receiving organism (Sower et al 1971;Nakamura and Kawasaki 1977;Baker and Roelofs 1981). This concept is based on various Gaussian equations that calculate the odor concentrations in still and moving air (Sutton 1953;Bossert and Wilson 1963;Fares et al 1980).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Active Space of Pheromone Plume and its Relationship to Effective Attraction Radius in Applied Models

Byers

2008

J Chem Ecol

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The release rate of a semiochemical lure that attracts flying insects has a specific effective attraction radius (EAR) that corresponds to the lure's orientation response strength. EAR is defined as the radius of a passive sphere that intercepts the same number of insects as a semiochemical-baited trap. It is estimated by calculating the ratio of trap catches in the field in baited and unbaited traps and the interception area of the unbaited trap. EAR serves as a standardized method for comparing the attractive strengths of lures that is independent of population density. In two-dimensional encounter rate models that are used to describe insect mass trapping and mating disruption, a circular EAR (EAR c ) describes a key parameter that affects catch or influence by pheromone in the models. However, the spherical EAR, as measured in the field, should be transformed to an EAR c for appropriate predictions in such models. The EAR c is calculated as (π/2EAR2 )/F L , where F L is the effective thickness of the flight layer where the insect searches. F L was estimated from catches of insects (42 species in the orders Coleoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera, Hemiptera, and Thysanoptera) on traps at various heights as reported in the literature. The EAR c was proposed further as a simple but equivalent alternative to simulations of highly complex active-space plumes with variable response surfaces that have proven exceedingly difficult to quantify in nature. This hypothesis was explored in simulations where flying insects, represented as coordinate points, moved about in a correlated random walk in an area that contained a pheromone plume, represented as a sector of active space composed of a capture probability surface of variable complexity. In this plume model, catch was monitored at a constant density of flying insects and then compared to simulations in which a circular EAR c was enlarged until an equivalent rate was caught. This demonstrated that there is a circular EAR c , where all insects that enter are caught, which corresponds in catch effect to any plume. Thus, the EAR c , based on the field-observed EAR, can be used in encounter rate models to develop effective control programs based on mass trapping and/or mating disruption.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Active Space of Pheromone Plume and its Relationship to Effective Attraction Radius in Applied Models

Byers

2008

J Chem Ecol

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“…There are examples in the literature where the emission rate of pheromone from a female insect is comparable to the maximal emission from a glass-tube dispenser. The emission rate of Z-7 : 12Ac from T. ni virgin females has been measured at 3.1 • 10 -5 /zmol/min by Sower et al (1971), 5.3 x 10-5-9.7 • 10 -5 #mol/min by Bj6stad et al (1980), and 1.06 x 10 -5/zmol/ min by Baker et al (1981). These rates are about an order of magnitude less than the maximum rates for the glass dispensers in Figures 1 and 2. Another example where the maximal emission rate from a glass tube and from a female are likely to be similar is the measurement of the emission rate of (+)-cis-7,8-epoxy-2-methyloctadecane from Lymantria dispar L. females.…”

Section: Comparisons Between Pheromone Emission Rates Of Glass-tube Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative comparison of behavioral and neurophysiological responses of insects to odorants

1987

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A consistent pattern of relationships emerges from comparisons of insect electroantennograms, peripheral olfactory receptor neuron responses, and behavioral responses to quantified concentrations of odorants. One consistency is that all of the different response measurements can be described by stimulus-response curves of the same form. Another is that the responses have characteristic groupings when they are plotted against odorant concentration. The pattern of relationships is exemplified in the responses ofTrichoplusia ni (Hübner),Heliothis zea (Boddie), andPlodia interpunctella (Hübner) to several pheromone components and analogs. To quantify the relevant stimulus parameters for the response comparisons, the emission rates of the stimulus delivery system were calibrated for several 12 to 17-carbon pheromone components. The stimulus-response relationships determined forT. ni, H. zea, andP. interpunctella are combined with relationships reported for other insects in the literature, and applications are discussed for the interpretation of pheromone trapping and laboratory bioassays.

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“…Several methods such as tissue extraction (Berger 1972), steam distillation (Mckibben et al 1977, Stubbs et al 1985, and cold trap (Sower et al 1971) have been used to collect semiochemicals that mediate insect behavior. Tenax and Porapak Q are among those solid adsorbents most commonly used in ecological studies (e.g., Pierce et al 1981, Buttery et al 1985.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Collection and Determination of Lesser Cornstalk Borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Larval Attractant from Peanut Plants

Huang

Mack

2002

Environ Entomol

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Sex Pheromones of Noctuid Moths. XXVI. Female Release Rate, Male Response Threshold, and Communication Distance for Trichoplusia ni1,2

Cited by 55 publications

References 0 publications

Active Space of Pheromone Plume and its Relationship to Effective Attraction Radius in Applied Models

Active Space of Pheromone Plume and its Relationship to Effective Attraction Radius in Applied Models

Quantitative comparison of behavioral and neurophysiological responses of insects to odorants

Collection and Determination of Lesser Cornstalk Borer (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) Larval Attractant from Peanut Plants

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