Sex-related alcohol expectancies as moderators of the relationship between alcohol use and risky sex in adolescents.

Dermen, Kurt H.; Cooper, Melanie M.; Agocha, V. Bede

doi:10.15288/jsa.1998.59.71

Cited by 161 publications

(135 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…These beliefs, in turn, have been shown to promote drink ing in sexual or potentially sexual situations (Dermen and Cooper, 1994;Leigh, 1990) and (in the absence of actual alcohol) to elicit disinhibited sexual behavior consistent with individually held expectancies in laboratory studies (George et al, 2000). Evidence that individually held expectancies moderate alcohol's effects on risky sexual behavior, how ever, is less consistent (see Dermen and Cooper, 2000;Dermen et al, 1998;Leigh, 1990). Although such incon sistencies could reflect well-known statistical difficulties as sociated with detecting interactions in correlational data (McClelland and Judd, 1993) or difficulties inherent in pre dicting complex behaviors in specific situations (Epstein, 1983), they might also reflect a need for greater refinement in our theories and methods for testing these theories.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol use and risky sexual behavior among college students and youth: evaluating the evidence.

Cooper

2002

J. Stud. Alcohol Suppl.

817

844

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ABSTRACT.Objective: To evaluate the empirical associations between alcohol use and risky sex at two levels of analysis. Global associations test whether individuals who engage in one behavior are more likely to engage in the other, whereas event-specific associations test whether the likelihood of engaging in one behavior on a given occasion varies as a function of engaging in the other on that same occasion. Method: Stud ies examining the association between drinking and risky sex in samples of college students and youth were reviewed. Those published in the past 10 years and using event-level methodology or random sampling were emphasized. Results: Findings were generally consistent across levels of analysis, but differed across types of risky behaviors. Drinking was strongly related to the decision to have sex and to indiscriminate forms of risky sex (e.g., having multiple or casual sex partners), but was in consistently related to protective behaviors (e.g., condom use). More over, the links among alcohol use, the decision to have sex and indis criminate behaviors were found in both between-persons and within-persons analyses, suggesting that these relationships cannot be adequately explained by stable individual differences between people who do and do not drink. Analysis of event characteristics showed that drinking was more strongly associated with decreased protective behav iors among younger individuals, on first intercourse experiences and for events that occurred on average longer ago. Conclusions: Future efforts aimed at reducing alcohol use in potentially sexual situations may de crease some forms of risky sex, but are less likely to affect protective behaviors directly. (J.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol use and risky sexual behavior among college students and youth: evaluating the evidence.

Cooper

2002

J. Stud. Alcohol Suppl.

817

844

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“…For some young adults who engage in premeditated sexual risk-taking, AmED use may constitute a conscious strategy to enhance the quality of the sexual experience. Whereas alcohol reduces inhibitions and provides a rationale for otherwise unacceptable promiscuity (''excuse in a bottle''), 62 caffeine provides energy and alertness, reducing the alcohol-induced lethargy 31 that may hamper sexual arousal or performance. In other words, there is a reasonable expectation that AmED use will enhance a sexual experience by simultaneously buffering the physical side effects of alcohol and lowering psychological barriers to casual sex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol Mixed with Energy Drink Use and Sexual Risk-Taking: Casual, Intoxicated, and Unprotected Sex

Miller

2012

Journal of Caffeine Research

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Objective: This study examined the confluence of several behaviors common to U.S. young adults: caffeinated energy drink use, alcohol use, and sexual risk-taking. The author examined relationships between the use of energy drinks mixed with alcohol (AmEDs) and three sexual risk behaviors: casual sex (i.e., intercourse with a nonexclusive and/or nonromantic partner), intoxicated sex (i.e., intercourse while under the influence of alcohol and/ or illicit drugs), and unprotected sex (i.e., intercourse without use of a condom). Method: Logistic regression analyses were employed to analyze data from a cross-sectional survey of 648 sexually active undergraduate students at a large public university. Results: After controlling for risk-taking norms and frequency of noncaffeinated alcohol use, AmED use was associated with elevated odds of casual sex and intoxicated sex but not unprotected sex. Conclusions: Although further studies are needed to test for event-level relationships, AmED use should be considered a possible risk factor for potentially health-compromising sexual behaviors.

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“…First, to rule out the possibility that global patterns of alcohol use account for partner type differences in sexual risk for drinking and non-drinking occasions, we present analyses in which global alcohol use patterns were included in the model prior to entering event level alcohol use and sexual behavior data. Second, based on findings suggesting that sexrelated alcohol expectancies may influence drinking decisions and subsequent sexual behavior (e.g., Carey, 1995;Dermen, Cooper, & Agocha, 1998;Katz, Fromme, & D'Amico, 2000;LaBrie, Earleywine, Schiffman, Pedersen, & Marriot, 2005), we present data on the association of sex-related alcohol expectancies to alcohol use and test the hypothesis that sex-related alcohol expectancies would moderate the association of drinking to high risk sexual behavior. Third, to clarify whether individual differences in sensation seeking disposition account for observed associations between alcohol use and risky sex as suggested by several previous studies (e.g., Kalichman, Heckman, & Kelly, 1996;Kalichman, Tannenbaum, & Nachimson, 1998;Wagner, 2001), we tested the hypothesis that sexual sensation seeking would mediate the association of alcohol use to high risk sexual behavior in our sample of college students.…”

Section: Nih Public Accessmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcohol use, partner type, and risky sexual behavior among college students: Findings from an event-level study

Brown

Vanable

2007

Addictive Behaviors

213

190

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Alcohol use is prevalent among college students and may contribute to elevated rates of sexual risk taking. Using event-level data, the hypothesis that partner type would moderate the effect of alcohol consumption on condom use was tested. Sexually active college students (N = 330; 67% female) reported on characteristics of their most recent sexual encounter, including partner type, alcohol use, and condom use, along with measures of sex-related alcohol expectancies, sensation seeking, and typical alcohol use. Unprotected vaginal sex (UVS) was reported by 39% of the sample and 32% reported alcohol use prior to sex. For the complete sample, UVS was just as likely for non-drinking events as for events involving alcohol use. However, for sexual encounters involving a non-steady partner, alcohol consumption was associated with an increase in UVS, whereas rates of UVS did not vary by drinking status for encounters involving a steady partner. These effects remained in analyses that controlled for sex-related alcohol expectancies, sensation seeking, and typical alcohol use. Findings confirm that the effects of alcohol vary according to the context in which it is used. Keywords alcohol; partner type; risky sexual behavior; condom use; HIV Alcohol Use, Partner Type, and Risky Sexual Behavior Among College Students: Findings from an Event-Level StudyAlcohol use is highly prevalent among college students and may contribute to elevated rates of sexual risk taking (Cerwonka, Isbell, & Hansen, 2000;Hingson, Heeren, Zakocs, Kopstein, & Wechsler, 2002;Perkins, 2002;Wechsler, Lee, Kuo, & Lee, 2000). Indeed, an estimated 42% of college aged students engage in binge drinking (Wechsler, Lee, Kuo, & Lee, 2000), and as many as 400,000 college students have unprotected sex after drinking in a given year (Hingson, Heeren, Zakocs, Kopstein, & Wechsler, 2002). However, empirical research exploring the causal linkage of alcohol use to high risk sexual behavior has yielded mixed findings among college students (Anderson & Mathieu, 1998;Cooper, 2002) and other at-risk populations (Weinhardt & Carey, 2000). Global association studies that focus on overall Publisher's Disclaimer: This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final citable form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. patterns of alcohol use and high-risk sexual practices suggest a positive association between drinking and sexual risk behavior (for a review, see Dingle & Oei, 1997). In contrast, eventlevel studies that link alcohol use to sexual activity for specific encounters often show no difference in condom use for drinking versus non-drinking encounters (Desiderato & Crawford, 1995;Senf & Price, 1994;Te...

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Sex-related alcohol expectancies as moderators of the relationship between alcohol use and risky sex in adolescents.

Cited by 161 publications

References 21 publications

Alcohol use and risky sexual behavior among college students and youth: evaluating the evidence.

Alcohol use and risky sexual behavior among college students and youth: evaluating the evidence.

Alcohol Mixed with Energy Drink Use and Sexual Risk-Taking: Casual, Intoxicated, and Unprotected Sex

Alcohol use, partner type, and risky sexual behavior among college students: Findings from an event-level study

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