Sex-related differences in the impact of nutritional status on in-hospital mortality in heart failure: a retrospective cohort study

Abstract

Aims A nutritional status is related to the length of hospitalisation and in-hospital mortality of patients with heart failure (HF). The aim of this study is to assess the prognostic impact of nutritional status and BMI on in-hospital mortality among patients with HF relative to their sex. Methods and results We conducted a retrospective study and analysis of 809 medical records of patients admitted to the Institute of Heart Disease of the University Clinical Hospital in Wroclaw (Poland). Women were statistically significantly older than men (74.67±11.15 vs 66.76±17.78; p<0.001). In unadjusted model significant Predictor of the odds of in-hospital mortality for man are underweight (OR=14.81, p=0.001) and the risk of malnutrition (OR=8.979, p<0.001). In case of woman none of the traits analyzed was a significant. In age-adjusted model significant independent predictor of the odds of in-hospital mortality in the case of men was BMI>18,5 (OR=15.423, p=0.001) and risk of malnutrition (OR=5.557, p=0.002). In case of woman none of the nutritional status traits analyzed was a significant. In multivariable-adjusted model in men, significant independent predictors of the odds of in-hospital mortality were BMI>18,5 (OR=15.978, p=0.007) compared to having normal body weight and the risk of malnutrition (OR=4.686, p=0.015). In case of woman none of the nutritional status traits analyzed was a significant. Conclusion Both underweight and the risk of malnutrition are direct predictors of the odds of in-hospital mortality in men, but not in women. The study did not find a relationship between nutritional status and in-hospital mortality in women.

Establishment of in-hospital nutrition support program for middle-aged and elderly patients with acute decompendated heart failure

“…A study of 241 elderly patients with acute HF showed that moderate-to-severe malnutrition is an independent risk of death in patients with acute HF, and that correcting malnutrition is significant in improving the prognosis of HF and in reducing the rate of acute HF recurrence and mortality [ 57 ]. Another study also identified underweight status and malnutrition risk as direct predictors of in-hospital mortality among male HF patients [ 58 ]. When patients are malnourished, their immunity is low and they are prone to pulmonary infection.…”

Relationship between BMI and prognosis of chronic heart failure outpatients in Vietnam: a single-center study

“…Data from the PURSUIT-HFpEF registry showed that being underweight was a trend in the Asian HFpEF population, and the patients experienced poor outcomes partly due to their frailty and malnutrition ( 28 ). Notably, a recent retrospective study showed that underweight and the risk of malnutrition independently predict in-hospital death in males but not in females with HF ( 56 ). This study differs from ours in terms of the study population (inpatients vs. outpatients) and the follow-up duration (in-hospital monitoring vs. long-term follow-up).…”

The ability of the geriatric nutritional risk index to predict the risk of heart diseases in Korean adults: a Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study cohort

“…Moreover, sex differences exist in the association of malnutrition with heart disease ( 38 ) and cardiovascular outcomes in response to nutritional supplements or dietary patterns of patients ( 66 ). However, discrepant results indicate that being underweight and the risk of malnutrition are directly associated with the odds of in-hospital mortality in men but not in women ( 67 ). Based on previous studies and reports and the findings of this study, further long-term research is warranted to identify the main modifiable factors that enhance nutritional status assessed by the GNRI, including sex differences, and to confirm whether nutritional interventions intended to enhance the GNRI of malnourished adults provide health benefits later in life.…”