Sex-related differences in whole brain volumes at age 70 in association with hyperglycemia during adult life

Fatih, Nasrtullah; Chaturvedi, Nish; Lane, Christopher A.; Parker, Thomas D.; Lu, Kirsty; Cash, David M.; Malone, Ian B.; Silverwood, Richard; Wong, Andrew; Barnes, Josephine; Sudre, Carole H.; Richards, Marcus; Fox, Nick C.; Schott, Jonathan M.; Hughes, Alun D.; James, Sarah‐Naomi

doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2021.09.008

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 45 publications

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“…However, this specific diabetes-related sexual dimorphism in brain volume reduction was restricted to the hippocampal region, and they failed to detect any sex-associated differences in other brain regions. Meanwhile, Faith et al showed that elevated glycosylated hemoglobin was associated with lower whole brain volume in females, but not in males [33]. However, the limitation of this study is the lack of regional information.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Sex Differences in the Effect of Diabetes on Cerebral Glucose Metabolism

Hsieh

Lin

et al. 2021

Biomedicines

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The neuroimaging literature indicates that brain structure and function both deteriorate with diabetes, but information on sexual dimorphism in diabetes-related brain alterations is limited. This study aimed to ascertain whether brain metabolism is influenced by sex in an animal model of diabetes. Eleven rats (male, n = 5; female, n = 6) received a single intraperitoneal injection of 70 mg/kg streptozotocin (STZ) to develop diabetes. Another 11 rats (male, n = 5; female, n = 6) received the same amount of solvent through a single intraperitoneal injection. Longitudinal positron emission tomography scans were used to assess cerebral glucose metabolism before and 4 weeks after STZ or solvent administration. Before STZ or solvent injections, there was no evidence of sexual dimorphism in cerebral metabolism (p > 0.05). Compared with healthy control animals, rats with diabetes had significantly decreased brain metabolism in all brain regions (all p < 0.05). In addition, female diabetic rats exhibited further reduction in cerebral metabolism, relative to male diabetic rats (p < 0.05). The results of this study may provide some biological evidence, supporting the existence of a sexual dimorphism in diabetes-related complications.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 72%

Sex Differences in the Effect of Diabetes on Cerebral Glucose Metabolism

Hsieh

Lin

et al. 2021

Biomedicines

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Sex and gender differences in cognitive resilience to aging and Alzheimer's disease

Arenaza‐Urquijo,

Boyle,

Casaletto

et al. 2024

Alzheimer's & Dementia

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Sex and gender—biological and social constructs—significantly impact the prevalence of protective and risk factors, influencing the burden of Alzheimer's disease (AD; amyloid beta and tau) and other pathologies (e.g., cerebrovascular disease) which ultimately shape cognitive trajectories. Understanding the interplay of these factors is central to understanding resilience and resistance mechanisms explaining maintained cognitive function and reduced pathology accumulation in aging and AD. In this narrative review, the ADDRESS! Special Interest Group (Alzheimer's Association) adopted a multidisciplinary approach to provide the foundations and recommendations for future research into sex‐ and gender‐specific drivers of resilience, including a sex/gender‐oriented review of risk factors, genetics, AD and non‐AD pathologies, brain structure and function, and animal research. We urge the field to adopt a sex/gender‐aware approach to resilience to advance our understanding of the intricate interplay of biological and social determinants and consider sex/gender‐specific resilience throughout disease stages.Highlights Sex differences in resilience to cognitive decline vary by age and cognitive status. Initial evidence supports sex‐specific distinctions in brain pathology. Findings suggest sex differences in the impact of pathology on cognition. There is a sex‐specific change in resilience in the transition to clinical stages. Gender and sex factors warrant study: modifiable, immune, inflammatory, and vascular.

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Is the change in longitudinal cognitive function in older adults with diabetes affected by trajectory classes of depressive symptoms?

Kang,

Yoon

2024

Public Health Nursing

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ObjectiveThis study aims to identify classes based on the trajectory of depressive symptoms and to examine the impact of trajectory classes of depressive symptoms on longitudinal changes in cognitive function in older adults with diabetes.MethodsThis is a secondary data analysis of 572 older adults with diabetes using data from the 5th (2014) to 8th (2020) wave of the Korean longitudinal study of aging. Analysis of latent class growth and the effect of trajectories of depressive symptoms on cognitive function was examined using a latent growth curve model. This analysis has been found to be functional in change trajectories and in describing the direction of the trajectory.ResultsThe trajectory of depressive symptoms was classified into four classes: low‐stable (36.89%), high‐decreasing (20.28%), low‐increasing (18.71%), and high‐persistent (24.13%). Compared with the high‐persistent class, higher initial levels of cognitive function were observed in the high‐decreasing and low‐stable classes. Compared with the high‐persistent class, a slower rate of cognitive decline was observed in the low‐stable class (B = 0.410, p = .021).ConclusionsContinuous monitoring of depressive symptoms and early management of depressive symptoms for community‐dwelling older adults with diabetes can help prevent the cognitive decline and delay the deterioration of cognitive function.

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Sex-related differences in whole brain volumes at age 70 in association with hyperglycemia during adult life

Cited by 3 publications

References 45 publications

Sex Differences in the Effect of Diabetes on Cerebral Glucose Metabolism

Sex Differences in the Effect of Diabetes on Cerebral Glucose Metabolism

Sex and gender differences in cognitive resilience to aging and Alzheimer's disease

Is the change in longitudinal cognitive function in older adults with diabetes affected by trajectory classes of depressive symptoms?

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