Sex Role Change and Influences on Birth Intentions

Scanzoni, John

doi:10.2307/350549

Cited by 47 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Furthermore, there is ample precedent for observation of sex-role change over such a period. Arafat and Yorburg (1976), Scanzoni (1976), Bayer (1975) and Mahoney (1978) all reported change in sex-role attitudes within three year periods in the 1970's while Parelius (1975) observed change in attitudes about women's role over a four year period. Finally, their title notwithstanding, Mason, et al, (1976) actually made comparisons of responses about women's role that were limited to the three or four year periods : 1964-1970, 1970-1973 and 1970-1974.…”

Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…Since the second World War, women have entered the labor force in increasing numbers (Hoffman and Nye, 1974), including dramatically increased proportions of younger married women with schoolaged and even pre-school children (Waite, 1976;Miller, 1978). Evidence also shows increased public tolerance of non-traditional female roles in the general population (Ferree, 1974;Mason, et al, 1976;Schreiber, 1978) and in college populations (Bayer, 1975;Parelius, 1975;Scanzoni, 1976). The college data show females to be more liberal than males and to be changing opinions more rapidly.…”

mentioning

confidence: 87%

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Consensus, Change and Stability in Sex-Role Orientations: 1974–1977

Lueptow

1980

Sociological Focus

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Section: Conclusion and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

mentioning

confidence: 87%

Consensus, Change and Stability in Sex-Role Orientations: 1974–1977

Lueptow

1980

Sociological Focus

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“…( 2 ) Self-actualization, as the new position of women, represents an emphasis on the wife's interests equaE to those of husband and children (revised items originally used by Scanzoni, 1975Scanzoni, , 1976. Traditionalism is where the concerns for the husband and children come first.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A nontraditional response represents a positive endorsement for the employment of married women whereas traditionalism indicates a preference to keep married women out of the labor force. (4) Institutionalized equality is where the husband's and the working wife's interests are of the same importance (reconstructed items originally used by Scanzoni, 1975Scanzoni, , 1976. Nontraditionalism is indicated by a stronger acceptance of the wife's occupational interests with an egalitarian posture while role traditionalism is indicated by lesser preference for the kinds of individual gratifications for wives.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A number of studies, based for the most part on college students, shows a positive relationship between a female's levkl of education and her sex role outlook (Mason and Bumpass, 1975;Brogan and Kutner, 1976;Bayer, 1975;Scanzoni, 1975;Duberman and Azumi, 1975). Some of these studies show further that among undergraduate female students, the educational level of the mother is related to the sex role orientation of the daughter.…”

Section: Findings: Mca Analysismentioning

confidence: 95%

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Sex Role Orientation and Structural Correlates

Tomeh

1979

The Sociological Quarterly

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This paper examines female and male sex role orientation, with emphasis on the structural correlates of sex role altitudes. Based on a random sample of college students, the data on roles of both sexes along four dimensions of sex role orientation reveal that women more than men are nontraditional in sex role ideologies. Structural characteristics such as socio-economic status of parents, demographic and family composition predict more of the variation in the sex role orientation of men than of women. For women, the processes through which attitudes emerge may be related to exposure to nontraditional standards and values rather than related to the effect of their structural characteristics while men are influenced by structural characteristics. These data suggest a role sharing model for women, where opportunities and responsibilities between the sexes are shared, but for men, the data support a degree of sex role differentiation.Several recent studies focused on the correlation between various social psychological traits, social characteristics, and sex role attitudes (Ferber and Huber, 1975;Mischel, 1974;Hesselbart, 1975;Steinmann and Fox, 1970;Sterrett and Bollman, 1970;Meier, 1972). These studies show that males and females differ in sex role attitudes, but the data seldom are analyzed with respect to specific dimensions of sex role orientation. The purpose of this study is to explore female and male attitudes about sex roles and to examine the factors which contribute to the variation in sex role orientation.Three features distinguish this study from others. The measures of sex role attitudes represent specific aspects of orientation intended to tap dimensions of attitudes relevant to behavior. The roles of both sexes as perceived by each sex are analyzed. And most importantly, the attitudinal items are presented in the nontraditional or neutral sense taking into account the presumable changing status of the sexes.There are two conceptualizations of the sex role attitude continuum. One strategy, rather popular until very recently, is to conceive of equality versus inequality, where the focus is generally on female roles (Meier, 1972;Lipman-Blumen, 1972;Bayer, 1975) because conceptualization of modernity refers to accepting women with men in the work sphere whereas at the other end of the continuum traditionalism places women in the home.The other strategy involves a continuum with dichotomous differentiation and typing of sex roles on the basis of sex at one axis and lack of such a distinction at the other end of the continuum (Rebecca et al., 1976;Brogan and Kutner, 1976;Lipman-Blumen, 1973;Chafe, 1972;Osmond and Martin, 1975;Brogan and Kutner, 1976). That conceptualization takes both sexes into account and is based on a sex role continuum involving lesser or greater degrees of sex differentiation and sex typing. Traditional sex roles arc defined as those based on polar dichot-01979 by The Sociological Quarterly. AH rights reserved.

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