Sex-role stereotyping in mental health standards in Israel

Abstract

Investigated sex-role stereotyping in mental health standards in Israel in a sample of 60 nonclients, 60 clients and 60 psychotherapists. Recent studies of sex-role stereotypes in America have shown that males still maintain traditional stereotypes and perceive the healthy adult female as more stereotypically feminine than either the healthy male or adult. Women, however, have changed their traditional perceptions toward female mental health and now rate the healthy adult female as similar to the healthy adult male and the healthy adult. In contrast to the recent American findings, female therapists in the Israeli study viewed the healthy female as significantly more stereotypically feminine than the healthy male. Male therapists were more equalitarian in their ratings and surprisingly rated the healthy male as significantly more feminine than did female therapists. These findings are discussed in terms of cross-cultural differences. Congruency of client-therapist sex-linked mental health standards also are examined and the implications for the therapeutic process discussed.

Gender stereotyping and nursing care

“…It is not possible to generalize these findings to the general nursing population. The remaining 1 1 studies had method problems that prohibited interpretation of the results ; APA Task Force on Sex Bias, 1975; Colameco, Becker, & Simpson, 1983;Dreman, 1978;; Kabacoff, Marwit, & Orlofsky, 1985;Marwit, 1981;Masling & Harris, 1969;McCranie, Horowitz, & Martin, 1978;Nalven, Hofman, & Bierbryer, 1969;Schwartz & Abramowitz, 1975;Smith, 1974).…”

Development and Psychometric Evaluation of the Counseling Women Competencies Scale (CWCS)

“…Despite the increased attention to women's issues in the counseling and psychology field and the fact that women continue to have higher rates of general and mental health care utilization (Levin, Blanch, & Jennings, 1998;"NIMH Launches First Public Education Campaign," 2003;Potts, Burnam, & Wells, 1991), several authors have described the gender bias that continues to pervade traditional approaches to assessment, diagnosis, and interventions (APA, 2007;Ballou & Brown, 2002;Caplan & Cosgrove, 2004;Gilbert, 1999;Landrine, 1989;Lerman, 1996;Travis, 1991;Worell & Remer, 2003). Earlier research demonstrated the existence of gender-role stereotyping by therapists and counselors in training (Aslin, 1977;Broverman, Broverman, Clarkson, Rosenkrantz, & Vogel 1970;Dreman, 1978;Hampton, Lambert, & Snell, 1986). Both male and female therapists have been found to associate unique beliefs with women's and men's mental health (Maslin & Davis, 1975;Tanney & Birk, 1976) and perpetuate traditional gender-role socialization in therapy (APA, 1975;Nickerson & Kremgold-Barrett, 1990).…”

The Big Brother in the Single Parent Family

“…As for crosscultural implications, the present study was conducted in Israel, where traditional family norms prevail (Bar-Yosef, 1969;Dreman, 1978Dreman, , 1982; Katz & Pesach, 1985). In this culhlral context, more family-related ideals, like the family substitute, may be attributed to the big brother role.…”