Sex-specific changes in platelet aggregation and secretion with sexual maturity in pigs

Jayachandran, Muthuvel; Okano, Hiroya; Chatrath, Ritu; Owen, Whyte G.; McConnell, Joseph P.; Miller, Virginia M.

doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.01074.2003

Cited by 39 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Studies have shown that female sex hormones exert negative effect on platelet aggregation [16][17][18] , but the effect was not remarkably increased after aspirin administration in our research, possibly because of the females being partial responders of aspirin 19 or some other compensatory mechanism in their body not yet known. For instance, cyclooxygenase activity was found to be higher after overiectomy but lower after castration 20 , indicating the probable role of female sex hormones in depressing cyclooxygenase activity.…”

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confidence: 73%

Sex hormones alter the effect of aspirin on bleeding

Aftab

Shakeel

Tariq

et al. 2013

Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol

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INTRODUCTIONHormones and drugs interact with each other as demonstrated by different responses of drugs in variety of individuals. These can either be direct, when drugs and hormones have common locus of action or indirect that is, by modifying some other factors, for example pharmacokinetics of a drug. These phenomena might be the reason behind the gender related dissimilarities in drug responses.Aspirin which is acetyl-salicylic acid, is the most commonly used antiplatelet drug in the prevention of cardiovascular diseases.1 The use is attributed to its effect as irreversible inhibitor of enzymes cyclo-oxygenases, COX-1 and COX-2. Owing to its irreversible inhibition of COX-1 in platelets and decreasing a potent vasoconstrictor and platelet aggregator thromboxane (TX-A2) 2 , aspirin increases bleeding time. Thus bleeding time is considered as the measure of response to aspirin.Testosterone is the major hormone in a male, while estrogen and progesterone are highly important in a female body. Since, these hormones effect bleeding tendency, they can be the reason of gender related discrepancies in responses to aspirin. Such a relationship is investigated in our study. ABSTRACTBackground: Interaction of aspirin and sex hormones was investigated through bleeding time. Methods: Bleeding time in 32 males and 105 unmarried females with previous 6 normal menstrual cycles and all aged between 18 to 21 years was found by Duke's method before and after 2 hours of aspirin administration. Phase of menstrual cycle of each female was determined by present menstrual history. Results: Bleeding time in 32 male was 69.33± 4.94 seconds and in 105 female was 73.03±1.89 seconds which were not statistically different (P>0.05).This time was increased to 107.66±4.76 seconds in males and 113.65±3.73 seconds in females after aspirin administration which were statistically different (P<0.05). The response in males was relatively greater (P<0.0005) as compared to females (P<0.0025). Among females, 44 were in follicular phase while 29 were in luteal phase as per their menstrual histories. Bleeding time in females in Follicular phase was increased from 70.22±2.90 seconds to 109.65±3.82 seconds and in females in luteal phase from 81.13±4.26 seconds to 117.95±7.49 after aspirin administration. The statistics of bleeding time in follicular and luteal Phases shows a statistically significant (P<0.05) difference before aspirin but non-significant (P>0.05) difference after aspirin administration with a greater effect in Follicular phase probably due to estradiol. Conclusion: Males respond to aspirin more as compared to females which is likely the effect of the drug and testosterone interaction. Similarly females in the follicular phase respond to aspirin more as compared to females in the luteal phase which may be a result of interaction of estrogen and aspirin.

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contrasting

confidence: 73%

Sex hormones alter the effect of aspirin on bleeding

Aftab

Shakeel

Tariq

et al. 2013

Int J Basic Clin Pharmacol

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“…Some authors suggest that platelet aggregability changes with sexual maturity differently in females and males. Jayachandran et al [42] reported sex related differences in platelet aggregation with sexual maturation, showing decreases in females and increases in males with maturity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gender differences in platelet aggregation in healthy individuals

Otahbachi

Simoni

et al. 2009

J Thromb Thrombolysis

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This study evaluated gender variability in platelet aggregation in response to common agonists. Platelet aggregation was measured in 36 healthy men and women free of any antiplatelet medication, aged 22-36 years, of Caucasian (White not of Hispanic origin), Hispanic, and African-American not of Hispanic origin. In this ex-vivo study, we investigated platelet aggregation in response to adenosine-5'-diphosphate (ADP), epinephrine (EPI), arachidonic acid (AA) and collagen (COL), using a platelet ionized calcium aggregometer (Chrono-Log Co.). Platelet aggregation response to all tested agonists was higher in females than in males regardless of ethnicity. The most significant differences were observed with collagen (P < 0.01). Among the ethnic groups, Caucasian women were most prone to platelet aggregation. Gender is a determinant of agonist effects on platelet aggregability in healthy subjects.

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“…Specific protein bands on films (chemiluminescence detection) and membranes (colorimetric determination) were scanned and digitized by positive segment analysis using UN-SCAN-IT (30). An equal amount of proteins transferred from gel to membrane was determined by ␤-actin expression (29). Average pixel values from each individual blot were used for statistical analysis.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential effects of 17β-estradiol and raloxifene on VSMC phenotype and expression of osteoblast-associated proteins

Rzewuska-Lech¹,

Jayachandran²,

Fitzpatrick³

et al. 2005

American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism

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Rzewuska-Lech, Ewa, Muthuvel Jayachandran, Lorraine A. Fitzpatrick, and Virginia M. Miller. Differential effects of 17␤-estradiol and raloxifene on VSMC phenotype and expression of osteoblast-associated proteins. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 289: E105-E112, 2005. First published February 15, 2005 doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00366.2004.-Several studies demonstrate an association between osteoporosis and arterial calcific disease, both of which being common in elderly women. Estradiol and raloxifene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, prevent bone loss in postmenopausal women. Little is known regarding how these agents affect arterial calcification. The aim of this study was to determine whether or not 17␤-estradiol and raloxifene reduced vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) differentiation and expression of bone-associated proteins during phosphate-induced calcification in vitro. Aortic VSMC were cultured from adult, gonadally intact, and ovariectomized (OVX) female pigs. Calcifying medium was added, and cells were treated with solvent (control), 17␤-estradiol (E2), or raloxifene. Extent of calcification and phenotypic expression of bone-associated proteins [matrix gla protein (MGP), osteoprotegerin (OPG), and bone sialoprotein (BSP)] were examined at 3-day intervals over 2 wk. Calcium content increased in all groups but was greater in VSMC derived from intact compared with OVX animals. E 2 reduced calcification and preserved a contractile phenotype. Expression of OPG significantly decreased with time; this decrease was significantly greater in VSMC derived from OVX compared with gonadally intact pigs. E 2 and raloxifene preserved expression of OPG only in VSMC from intact pigs. Expression of MGP increased significantly with time and was not affected by E 2 or raloxifene treatments. E2 treatment significantly inhibited synthesis of BSP in cells from both groups. In conclusion, E2 slows differentiation of VSMC induced by excess phosphate. Effectiveness of raloxifene to preserve expression of bone cell-associated proteins depends on the hormonal status of the tissue donor. vascular smooth muscle cells; estrogen; raloxifene; selective receptor modulator; smooth muscle phenotype

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Sex-specific changes in platelet aggregation and secretion with sexual maturity in pigs

Cited by 39 publications

References 42 publications

Sex hormones alter the effect of aspirin on bleeding

Sex hormones alter the effect of aspirin on bleeding

Gender differences in platelet aggregation in healthy individuals

Differential effects of 17β-estradiol and raloxifene on VSMC phenotype and expression of osteoblast-associated proteins

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