Sex-Specific Effect of Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody and Thyroglobulin Antibody Exposure During Pregnancy on Preschoolers' Emotional and Behavioral Development: A Birth Cohort Study

Teng, Yuzhu; Li, Peixuan; Yang, Mengting; Yan, Han; Yan, Shuangqin; Xu, Yu; Tao, Fangbiao; Huang, Kun

doi:10.1089/thy.2022.0044

Cited by 5 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…6,30 The study results from the Ma'anshan cohort in China found that maternal TPOAb positivity was associated with the risk of autism spectrum problems in males in all three trimesters of pregnancy; maternal isolated TPOAb positivity in the third trimester was associated with depression problems in females. 30 Results from the Greek Crete cohort showed no sex differences in the association between maternal SCH, autoimmunity and hypothyroxinemia during pregnancy and children's emotions and behaviours. 6 In the future, we need larger sample sizes to explore sex differences 32 and thyroid hormone deficiency may lead to long-term neurophysiological changes in the dopaminergic and noradrenergic systems, 33 which would affect emotional and behavioural development.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid function test abnormalities‐isolated TPOAb+, SCH and hypothyroxinemia and preschool children's neurodevelopment

Zhu,

Teng,

Guo

et al. 2023

Clinical Endocrinology

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ObjectiveThyroid function test abnormalities are frequent and associated with the offspring's adverse neurodevelopment. This study aimed to examine the relationship between maternal thyroid function test abnormalities before 20 gestational weeks and children's cognitive, emotional and behavioural development at 3–6 years of age.Patients and MeasurementsA total of 2243 mother–child pairs were included in the final analysis. Maternal thyroid function was evaluated retrospectively during the children's preschool period. The serum thyrotrophin, free thyroxine and thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) were detected by chemiluminescence immunoassay during the follow‐up period. The neurodevelopmental status of preschoolers aged 3–6 years was evaluated by parental versions of The Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function‐Preschool and The Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaires. The associations between maternal thyroid function test abnormalities and preschoolers' neurodevelopment were examined using Poisson regression models.ResultsAfter adjusting for potential confounders in Poisson regression analyses, it showed that maternal isolated TPOAb positivity before 20 gestational weeks may be associated with the increased risk of abnormalities in peer problems (odds ratio [OR] = 1.90, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.26, 287). Maternal isolated SCH before 20 gestational weeks was observed to be related with increased risk of abnormalities in inhibition (OR = 2.73, 95% CI: 1.37, 5.41), working memory (OR = 1.67, 95% CI: 1.04, 2.70), conduct problems (OR = 1.80, 95% CI: 1.05, 3.09), hyperactivity (OR = 1.94, 95% CI:1.08, 3.49) and total difficulties (OR = 1.94, 95% CI: 1.13, 3.34). Maternal isolated hypothyroxinemia before 20 gestational was observed to be related with increased risk of abnormalities in peer problems (OR = 2.71, 95% CI: 1.17, 6.27).ConclusionsThyroid function test abnormalities before 20 gestational weeks may be associated with children's neurodevelopment at 3–6 years of age.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid function test abnormalities‐isolated TPOAb+, SCH and hypothyroxinemia and preschool children's neurodevelopment

Zhu,

Teng,

Guo

et al. 2023

Clinical Endocrinology

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“…Another group showed that pregnant patients with TPOAb positivity and patients with only TGAb positivity had different outcomes for their children (Teng et al, 2022).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Studies have presented results that stimulate discussion about the clinical relevance of the TGAb dosage (Matalon et al ., 2003; González et al ., 2018; Teng et al ., 2022). A study involving pregnant patients obtained data that contradicted the importance of TGAb dosing.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The article also recommended that TGAb be measured in TPOAb-negative pregnant patients (González et al ., 2018). Another group showed that pregnant patients with TPOAb positivity and patients with only TGAb positivity had different outcomes for their children (Teng et al ., 2022). Furthermore, in mice immunized with Tg and presenting high levels of Tg antibodies without thyroid dysfunction, a higher incidence of foetal resorption and reduced placental and embryo weights were observed (Matalon et al ., 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Follicular fluid metabolomic analysis in women with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

Bastos

Chiamolera

Silva

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Hashimotos thyroiditis is an autoimmune thyroid disease characterized by hypothyroidism and a high level of anti-thyroid autoantibodies. This disease has been linked to a negative impact on female fertility, but the mechanisms are unclear. Ovarian follicular fluid appears to be the key to understanding how Hashimoto's thyroiditis can affect fertility. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate the follicular fluid metabolic profile and its relationship with anti-thyroid autoantibody levels. For this, we collected follicular fluid from a total of 61 patients undergoing in vitro fertilization treatment, comprising 34 women with thyroid autoantibody positivity and 18 negative controls. Follicular fluid samples were analysed using metabolomics and thyroid autoantibodies were measured. Follicular fluid samples from Hashimotos thyroiditis patients presented 15 metabolites with higher concentrations than those in controls, which indicates five possible affected pathways: the glycerophospholipid, arachidonic acid, linoleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, and sphingolipid metabolism pathways. These pathways are known to regulate ovarian functions. In addition, anti-thyroglobulin antibody concentrations were more than tenfold higher in women with Hashimotos thyroiditis than in controls, in both serum and follicular fluid. Our data showed that Hashimotos thyroiditis can change the metabolic profile of follicular fluid, suggesting a potential mechanistic explanation for the association of this disease with female infertility.

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“…A study of mid-gestational maternal serum from a large Finnish cohort (960 mothers of a child with ASD and 960 mothers of a child without ASD) demonstrated that mothers of a child with ASD are 1.78 times more likely to harbor antibodies against thyroid peroxidase (TPO) than are mothers of a child without ASD [ 85 ]. In a subsequent study, it was observed that male offspring born to mothers harboring anti-TPO Abs are about twice as likely to develop ASD [ 86 ]. The mechanism by which anti-TPO Abs may lead to ASD is unclear.…”

Section: Clinical Data: Maternal Brain-reactive Abs and Asdmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal brain reactive antibodies profile in autism spectrum disorder: an update

2023

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Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder with multifactorial etiologies involving both genetic and environmental factors. In the past two decades it has become clear that in utero exposure to toxins, inflammation, microbiome, and antibodies (Abs), may play a role in the etiology of ASD. Maternal brain-reactive Abs, present in 10–20% of mothers of a child with ASD, pose a potential risk to the developing brain because they can gain access to the brain during gestation, altering brain development during a critical period. Different maternal anti-brain Abs have been associated with ASD and have been suggested to bind extracellular or intracellular neuronal antigens. Clinical data from various cohorts support the increase in prevalence of such maternal brain-reactive Abs in mothers of a child with ASD compared to mothers of a typically developing child. Animal models of both non-human primates and rodents have provided compelling evidence supporting a pathogenic role of these Abs. In this review we summarize the data from clinical and animal models addressing the role of pathogenic maternal Abs in ASD. We propose that maternal brain-reactive Abs are an overlooked and promising field of research, representing a modifiable risk factor that may account for up to 20% of cases of ASD. More studies are needed to better characterize the Abs that contribute to the risk of having a child with ASD, to understand whether we can we predict such cases of ASD, and to better pinpoint the antigenic specificity of these Abs and their mechanisms of pathogenicity.

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Sex-Specific Effect of Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody and Thyroglobulin Antibody Exposure During Pregnancy on Preschoolers' Emotional and Behavioral Development: A Birth Cohort Study

Cited by 5 publications

References 39 publications

Thyroid function test abnormalities‐isolated TPOAb+, SCH and hypothyroxinemia and preschool children's neurodevelopment

Thyroid function test abnormalities‐isolated TPOAb+, SCH and hypothyroxinemia and preschool children's neurodevelopment

Follicular fluid metabolomic analysis in women with Hashimoto’s thyroiditis

Maternal brain reactive antibodies profile in autism spectrum disorder: an update

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