Sex steroid hormones and macrophage function

Miller, Lance; Hunt, Joan S.

doi:10.1016/0024-3205(96)00122-1

Cited by 196 publications

(128 citation statements)

References 138 publications

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“…H umoral and cellular immune responses in females are more vigorous than those induced in males under identical experimental conditions, suggesting an influence of gonadal hormones (1,2). The increased responsiveness of both human and rodent females correlates with an increased incidence of a variety of autoimmune diseases (3)(4)(5)(6).…”

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confidence: 91%

Gender-Dependent IL-12 Secretion by APC Is Regulated by IL-10

Wilcoxen

Kirkman

Dowdell

et al. 2000

The Journal of Immunology

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Female SJL mice preferentially mount Th1-immune responses and are susceptible to the active induction of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis. By contrast, young adult male SJL are resistant to experimental allergic encephalomyelitis due to an APC-dependent induction of Th2 cells. The basis for this gender-dependent differential T cell induction was examined by analysis of macrophage APC cytokine secretion during T cell activation. APC derived from females secrete IL-12, but not IL-10, during T cell activation. By contrast, APC derived from males secrete IL-10, but not IL-12, during T cell activation. Activation of T cells with APC derived from the opposite sex demonstrated that these cytokines were derived from the respective APC populations. Furthermore, inhibition of IL-10, but not TGF-β, during T cell activation resulted in the secretion of IL-12 by male-derived APC. APC from naive male mice, in which IL-10 was reduced in vivo before isolation, also secrete IL-12, demonstrating altered APC cytokine secretion was due to an environment high in IL-10 before Ag encounter. Finally, APC derived from castrated male mice preferentially secrete IL-12 during T cell activation. These data demonstrate a link between gonadal hormones and APC activity and suggest that these hormones alter the APC, thereby influencing cytokine secretion during initial T cell activation.

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confidence: 91%

Gender-Dependent IL-12 Secretion by APC Is Regulated by IL-10

Wilcoxen

Kirkman

Dowdell

et al. 2000

The Journal of Immunology

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“…In wildlife, the role of DHEA in non-breeding aggression has been studied fairly extensively. Although circulating testosterone increases the aggression needed for territory defense and courting during breeding seasons, it has been associated with reduced immune function and inflammation and it is therefore physiologically costly to maintain elevated concentrations of testosterone for prolonged periods (Ahmed & Talal 1990, Wilder 1995, Miller & Hunt 1996, Klein 2000, Moller et al 2005. Conversely, DHEA has been shown to be immunostimulatory and anti-inflammatory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The reproductive hormone cycle of adult female American alligators from a barrier island population

Hamlin

Lowers²,

Kohno

et al. 2014

Reproduction

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Comparatively, little data are available detailing the geographic variation that exists in the reproductive endocrinology of adult alligators, especially those living in barrier islands. The Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge (MI) is a unique barrier island environment and home to the Kennedy Space Center (FL, USA). Seasonal patterns of sex steroids were assessed in adult female American alligators from MI monthly from 2008 to 2009, with additional samples collected at more random intervals in 2006, 2007, and 2010. Plasma 17b-estradiol and vitellogenin concentrations peaked in April, coincident with courtship and mating, and showed patterns similar to those observed in adult female alligators in other regions. Plasma concentrations of progesterone, however, showed patterns distinctly different than those reported for alligator populations in other regions and remained relatively constant throughout the year. Plasma DHEA peaked in July around the time of oviposition, decreased in August, and then remained constant for the remaining months, except for a moderate increase in October. Circulating concentrations of DHEA have not been previously assessed in a female crocodilian, and plasma concentrations coincident with reproductive activity suggest a reproductive and/or behavioral role. Interestingly, plasma testosterone concentrations peaked in May of 2008, as has been shown in female alligator populations in other regions, but showed no peak in 2009, demonstrating dramatic variability from year to year. Surveys showed 2009 to be particularly depauperate of alligator nests in MI, and it is possible that testosterone could serve as a strong indicator of breeding success.

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“…Initially considered for their potential role in local immune suppression, 72,73 these ubiquitous cells have been shown to exert a variety of potential influences on the normal physiology of the cycling and pregnant uterus. 74,75 It is clear that sex steroids influence the recruitment of MPs, their function, 76 and their distribution in the uterus. 77 The relative roles of estradiol and progesterone have recently been clarified by studies revealing estradiol-mediated recruitment of MP, which is inhibited by progesterone 78 via its receptor.…”

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confidence: 99%

Estrogen and Angiogenesis

Losordo

Isner

2001

ATVB

304

194

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Abstract-Multiple lines of evidence suggest that estrogen directly modulates angiogenesis via effects on endothelial cells.Under physiological conditions, angiogenesis is routinely observed in the uterus in association with fluctuations in the levels of circulating estradiol and other sex steroids. In pathological circumstances, such as breast cancer, a clear association between estrogen, estrogen receptor expression by endothelial cells, angiogenic activity, and/or tumor invasiveness has been made. Studies performed in our laboratory have revealed that estradiol accelerates functional endothelial recovery after arterial injury. Despite these consistent observations, the mechanisms by which estrogen regulates angiogenesis under physiological and pathological circumstances have not been defined. Key Words: estrogen Ⅲ angiogenesis Ⅲ vasculogenesis Ⅲ endothelium Ⅲ endothelial progenitor cells I n adult organisms, angiogenesis is virtually absent under normal conditions, except in the female reproductive tract. This observation suggests the potential for sex steroids to influence neovascularization. Several other associations, including the predilection of certain diseases (such as Takayasu's arteritis and lupus, both of which involve endothelial cell proliferation) for premenopausal females, also imply the potential role of estrogen in angiogenesis. 1,2 The role of estradiol in uterine angiogenesis, mediated by at least 1 of the estrogen receptors, has been further suggested by findings in the estrogen receptor-␣ knockout mouse, in which angiogenesis is impaired, 3 and by the demonstration that estrogen receptor antagonists can inhibit angiogenesis. 4 The positive correlation between estrogen receptor expression, angiogenic activity, and breast tumor invasiveness also supports the angiogenic effect of estrogen mediated by the estrogen receptor(s). [5][6][7][8] Finally, some reports suggest that the antitumor effect of tamoxifen may in fact relate to an antiangiogenic action of this estrogen receptor agonist/antagonist. 9 Several additional lines of experimental evidence suggest that estrogen and other sex steroids play important roles in physiological and pathological angiogenesis. One of the first observations suggesting a hormonal influence on angiogenesis was an inhibitory effect on tumor vascularization by medroxyprogesterone. 10 Subsequent studies have indicated that the mechanism of this inhibition may relate to the regulation of thrombospondin-1, an angiogenesis inhibitor, by this hormone. 11 Angiogenesis has been noted to be a prognostic marker in breast cancer, 12 and inhibition of angiogenesis in these tumors has been effected by antiestrogens. 4 In addition, the estrogen metabolite 2-methoxyestradiol has been shown to be a potent antiangiogenic agent 13 mediated by actions on cytoskeletal structure 14 and by increasing endothelial cell apoptosis. 15,16 Vascular Endothelial Cell Proliferation and Migration Are Enhanced by EstradiolEstradiol induces endothelial proliferation and migration 17 mediated by t...

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Sex steroid hormones and macrophage function

Cited by 196 publications

References 138 publications

Gender-Dependent IL-12 Secretion by APC Is Regulated by IL-10

Gender-Dependent IL-12 Secretion by APC Is Regulated by IL-10

The reproductive hormone cycle of adult female American alligators from a barrier island population

Estrogen and Angiogenesis

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