Sex steroid influence on triglyceride metabolism.

Kim, H J; Kalkhoff, Ronald K.

doi:10.1172/jci108168

Cited by 156 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…The direct correlation between estrogen levels and hypertriglyceridemia has also been observed in premenopausal women using estrogen-containing oral contraceptives (3,4). A similar increase in triglyceride levels have been seen in estrogen-fed rats (5) and in estrogen-fed chicks (6).…”

Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Gene-environment interaction in the conversion of a mild-to-severe phenotype in a patient homozygous for a Ser172-->Cys mutation in the lipoprotein lipase gene.

Ma¹,

Liu²,

Ginzinger³

et al. 1993

J. Clin. Invest.

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Normal pregnancy is associated with a two-to threefold increase in plasma triglyceride levels, particularly in the third trimester, due both to the overproduction of VLDLs and to the possible suppression. of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) activity. Numerous mutations in the human LPL gene causing complete LPL deficiency have been described, but naturally occurring mutations that result in defective LPL with partial activity have not yet been reported. Here we describe a 30-yr-old woman who was first diagnosed with LPL deficiency during pregnancy after she developed pancreatitis. Her plasma triglyceride levels remained mildly elevated at approximately 300 mg/dl (3.4 mmol/liter) after the first pregnancy but rose significantly after she became pregnant again (1800 to 2000 mg/dl) (20.2 to 22.5 mmol/liter). DNA sequence analysis of the LPL gene showed that the patient is homozygous for a Ser '72-Cys missense mutation in exon 5. In vitro mutagenesis revealed that the Ser '72-*uCys mutation caused a mutant LPL protein that had residual activity higher than that seen in all eight other missense mutations in patients with LPL deficiency identified in our laboratory. We propose that some mutations in the LPL gene produce a defective LPL with partial activity, which usually leads to mild hypertriglyceridemia. (J. Clin. Invest.

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Section: Introductionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Gene-environment interaction in the conversion of a mild-to-severe phenotype in a patient homozygous for a Ser172-->Cys mutation in the lipoprotein lipase gene.

Ma¹,

Liu²,

Ginzinger³

et al. 1993

J. Clin. Invest.

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show abstract

“…In this connection, Mandour et al (14) showed that in the estrogenized rat, portal venous insulin:glucagon ratio and the activity of hepatic acetyl coenzyme A (CoA) carboxylase and fatty acid synthetase were increased, suggesting that augmented lipogenesis may contribute. Regarding plasma FFA in estrogen-induced hypertriglyceridemia, studies of human subjects and rats indicate no consistent changes in either FFA concentration or turnover (5,7). In the estrogenized chick, FFA flux is increased, but this appears to follow rather thani precede the hypertriglyceridemia (15) and therefore may reflect recycling of VLDL triglyceride fatty acids.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Microsomal incorporation of (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10). On this basis, it can be inferred that entry of VLDL-triglyceride into plasma must be increased, a conclusion that is also supported directly (4,5,(7)(8)(9)(10).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex Differences in Long Chain Fatty Acid Utilization and Fatty Acid Binding Protein Concentration in Rat Liver

Ockner¹,

Burnett²,

Lysenko³

et al. 1979

J. Clin. Invest.

109

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“…Indeed, the present study shows that the appearance of assayable LPL activity and the accumulation of lipid droplets occur long after the initial appearance of cell surface LPL. Similarly, analyzing the latestage enzymes such as glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH;39,40) or fatty acid synthetase (13,16) (41). Using a differentiating obl7 cell system, Ailhaud has noted that most ofthe LPL activity was present in cells of higher density than those containing most of the GPDH activity, suggesting that GPDH may play a more critical role in lipid accumulation after cell commitment (40,42 (28).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regional adipocyte precursors in the female rat. Influence of ovarian factors.

Krakower¹,

James²,

Arnaud³

et al. 1988

J. Clin. Invest.

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A flow cytometric immunofluorescence procedure utilizing a specific antibody to rat adipose tissue lipoprotein lipase (LPL) was developed to quantify differentiated and undifferentiated preadipocytes present in the adipose tissue vascular stroma. This method is highly sensitive and specific for cells capable of synthesizing LPL in significant quantities. Pubescence in female rats was associated with an increase in differentiated preadipocytes and in fat cell number with enlargement of the fat depots in the perirenal, parametrial, and the subcutaneous dorsal and femoral regions. A concomitant decline in the percentage of undifferentiated preadipocytes occurred in all but the femoral depot. Ovariectomy reduced pubertal adipose growth in the femoral and parametrial but not the dorsal or perirenal regions. Furthermore, the femoral undifferentiated preadipocyte pool was not preserved in the ovariectomized animals. Thus, ovarian factors influence the pubescence-associated regional preadipocyte differentiation and conversion to adipocytes. The femoral depot contains an ovarian-dependent infinite pool of fat cell precursors. These features could account for the association between ovarian hormones and body fat topography.

show abstract

Sex steroid influence on triglyceride metabolism.

Cited by 156 publications

References 40 publications

Gene-environment interaction in the conversion of a mild-to-severe phenotype in a patient homozygous for a Ser172-->Cys mutation in the lipoprotein lipase gene.

Gene-environment interaction in the conversion of a mild-to-severe phenotype in a patient homozygous for a Ser172-->Cys mutation in the lipoprotein lipase gene.

Sex Differences in Long Chain Fatty Acid Utilization and Fatty Acid Binding Protein Concentration in Rat Liver

Regional adipocyte precursors in the female rat. Influence of ovarian factors.

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