Sexual Assault History and Health-Related Outcomes in a National Sample of Women

Ullman, Sarah E.; Brecklin, Leanne R.

doi:10.1111/1471-6402.t01-2-00006

Cited by 113 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Second, it has been hypothesized that PTSD may indirectly affect health through changes in health behaviors. In particular, there is some evidence that negative changes in health behaviors, like increased alcohol use, smoking, decreases in exercise, and avoidance of medical care may be associated with PTSD (Dobie et al 2004;Lang et al 2003;Lawler et al 2005;Morland et al 2007;Ullman and Brecklin 2003;Ullman et al 2005). …”

Section: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Physical Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Specifically, IPV has been associated with a greater likelihood of alcohol-related consequences (Rice et al 2001) and with heavy episodic drinking (Testa and Leonard 2001;Testa et al 2003). Similarly, PTSD is associated with increased alcohol problems and consumption (Breslau et al 2000;Darves-Bornoz et al 1998;Kessler et al 1995;Marx and Sloan 2003;Ullman and Brecklin 2003;Najavits et al 1997).…”

Section: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Physical Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although it has been hypothesized that trauma exposure may lead to both problem drinking and to PTSD, and that these outcomes of trauma exposure lead to problems with physical health, few studies have specifically investigated PTSD, alcohol use, and health outcomes. Instead, studies have tended to (a) investigate only the relationship between trauma exposure, PTSD and alcohol but not consider physical health consequences (Breslau et al 1997;Breslau et al 2000;Kessler, Crum et al 1997;Kessler et al 1995;Kilpatrick et al 2000;Marx and Sloan 2003;Ouimette et al 1996;Stewart et al 2004) or (b) examine changes in health behaviors, as a group (e.g., examine alcohol use, smoking, and decreases in exercise as a single, combined variable), as a consequence of trauma exposure and PTSD rather than focusing more specifically on independent contributions to health outcomes (Dobie et al 2004;Lang et al 2003;Lawler et al 2005;Morland et al 2007;Ullman and Brecklin 2003;Ullman et al 2005). For example, in a study of women with substance use disorder diagnosis, PTSD was associated with significantly poorer functional health and well-being .…”

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Posttraumatic stress disorder, alcohol use, and physical health concerns

et al. 2007

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PTSD is a risk factor for alcohol problems and both in turn have been independently associated with increased health problems. However, it is unclear whether alcohol use moderates the relationship between PTSD and health. Participants were battered women (N = 336) recruited from local domestic violence shelters and non-shelter victim-assistance agencies. A 2 (PTSD diagnosis) × 3 (abstainer, infrequent/light, regular/heavy drinking) ANCOVA was conducted, with injuries and length of abuse as covariates and health concerns as the dependent variable. Main effects for PTSD and alcohol use were significant but not the interaction. Women with PTSD reported the greatest number of health concerns. Women who abstained from drinking and those who drank regularly/heavily reported more health concerns than the infrequent/light drinkers. Health concerns associated with PTSD do not appear to be due to problem drinking. In addition, infrequent/light drinking, even for women with PTSD, may be associated with fewer health concerns.

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Section: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Physical Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Posttraumatic Stress Disorder and Physical Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Present Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Posttraumatic stress disorder, alcohol use, and physical health concerns

et al. 2007

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“…La nature intrusive de l'agression sexuelle semble causer un haut niveau de détresse psychologique (Ullman et Filipas, 2001) dont l'appari tion d'une symptomatologie d'un trouble de stress post-traumatique (TSPT) (Ullman, 1996b ;Ullman et Brecklin, 2003 ;Ullman et Filipas, 2001 ;Ullman et Siegel, 1993). En dépit de la diminution générale des symptômes de TSPT dans les trois mois suivant l'agression, plus du tiers des victimes d'agression sexuelle répondent aux critères d'un TSPT chronique, même si elles présentent une légère amélioration de leur condition durant le premier mois (Valentiner et al, 1996).…”

Section: Dévoilement Tspt Et Symptômes Dépressifsunclassified

Impact du moment du dévoilement d’une agression sexuelle perpétrée par un tiers sur certains aspects affectifs et relationnels des victimes adultes

Khouzam

Marchand

Guay³

2007

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L’objectif de cette étude consiste à évaluer si, pour la victime d’une agression sexuelle, le moment (précoce ou tardif) du dévoilement d’une agression a un impact sur certains aspects affectifs et relationnels à deux moments distincts, soit au début de l’évaluation et quatre mois plus tard. Toutes les victimes (N = 27) sont en relation de couple. L’agression sexuelle est survenue entre un mois et sept ans avant la première rencontre d’évaluation clinique, et 26 % des victimes présentent un trouble de stress post-traumatique (TSPT). Toutes les participantes disent avoir reçu davantage de soutien émotionnel lors du deuxième moment d’évaluation de l’étude. De plus, les victimes dont le dévoilement se fait précocement présentent, avec le temps, davantage de symptômes dépressifs.This study examines if the timing of disclosure (early or late) of a sexual assault and if the romantic partner’s participation in the study have an impact on relational and affective aspects of the victims at Time 1 (initial interview) and Time 2 (4 months later). The sexual assault occurred to victims (N = 27) between 1 month to 7 years prior to the first assessment interview. Twenty-six percent of victims were diagnosed with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Descriptive analyses indicate a difference between timing of disclosure and romantic partner’s participation in the assessment process of the study. All victims indicate that they have received more emotional support at the second assessment in the study, whether they have disclosed the aggression early or lately. Victims have disclosed the assault early reported more depressive symptoms.El objetivo de este estudio consiste en evaluar si, para la víctima de una agresión sexual, el momento (temprano o tardío) de la revelación de una agresión sexual tiene un impacto en ciertos aspectos afectivos y relacionales en dos momentos distintos; es decir, al principio de la evaluación y cuatro meses más tarde. Todas las víctimas (N = 27) se encuentran en una relación de pareja. La agresión sexual ocurrió entre un mes y siete años antes de la primera cita de evaluación clínica y 26% de las víctimas presentan un trastorno de estrés postraumático (TSPT). Todas las participantes dicen haber recibido más apoyo emocional durante el segundo momento de evaluación del estudio. Además, las víctimas cuya revelación se realizó de manera temprana presentan más síntomas depresivos con el tiempo.O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar se, para a vítima de uma agressão sexual, o momento (precoce ou tardio) da revelação de uma agressão tem impacto sobre alguns aspectos afetivos e relacionais, em dois momentos distintos, ou seja, no início da avaliação e quatro meses mais tarde. Todas as vítimas (N = 27) estão em relação de casal. A agressão sexual aconteceu entre um mês e sete anos antes do primeiro encontro de avaliação clínica e 26% das vítimas apresentam um transtorno de estresse pós-traumático (TSPT). Todas as participantes dizem ter recebido mais apoio emocional durante o segundo momento de avaliação do estudo...

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“…Ullman 1998;Ullman et al 1999;Ullman and Brecklin 2003), it is intensely personal. The honesty with which Ullman has developed this text should serve as a wake-up call to everyone researching or working with survivors of sexual violence.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%