Sexual behaviors and seroprevalence of HIV, HBV, and HCV among hill tribe youths of Northern Thailand

Apidechkul, Tawatchai

doi:10.1186/s12889-019-7459-9

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…According to our knowledge, there have been no papers investigating the ethnicity differences of the HBsAg prevalence in Lao PDR. Hmong people have been recognized as having a high prevalence of HBV infection by the studies in the US [51][52][53][54] and Thailand [55][56][57]. Some studies indicated that Khmu people had insufficient knowledge on the prevention of infectious diseases, including HBV infection [45,58].…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infections in Lao People’s Democratic Republic: The first national population-based cross-sectional survey

Miyano

Pathammavong²,

Ichimura

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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Population-based seroprevalence of chronic hepatitis B and C infections has not been examined in Lao People’s Democratic Republic (PDR). Therefore, this study aimed to estimate the seroprevalence of these infections in the general population of Lao PDR and perform subgroup analysis. A nationwide seroprevalence survey was conducted in Lao PDR in June 2019 using the multistage cluster sampling method. Dried blood spot samples were collected onto WhatmanTM 903 filter paper by finger prick. A chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay was used to measure the levels of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and hepatitis C antibody (HCV-Ab). Samples in which the HBsAg level was above 0.05 IU/ml and HCV-Ab was above the signal/cutoff ratio of 1.0 were considered positive based on comparisons with the relative light unit value of a calibration sample. A total of 1,927 samples (male: 47.3%, mean age: 23.0 years) were included in the analysis. The prevalence was estimated to be 4.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.7–6.3) for HBsAg and 1.6% (95% CI: 0.5–5.3) for HCV-Ab. Multivariable analysis revealed that those aged 20–24 years (adjusted odds ratio (AOR): 2.3, 95% CI: 1.1–4.6), those aged 25–29 years (AOR: 2.7, 95% CI: 1.3–5.6), those from the Northern region (AOR: 2.8, 95% CI: 1.2–6.6), and those who were Khmu (AOR: 3.6, 95% CI: 2.0–6.8) or Hmong (AOR: 5.0, 95% CI: 3.3–7.5) were significantly more likely to be positive for HBsAg. Although there were no statistically significant differences in the HCV-Ab prevalence according to each variable, males (2.9%, 95% CI: 0.7–10.7), those aged ≥40 years (6.1%, 95% CI: 2.1–16.8), and those from the Southern region (3.3%, 95% CI: 0.6–15.3) tended to have a higher prevalence. This novel population-based survey found differences in the prevalence of chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C virus infections in Lao PDR according to sex, age group, region, and ethnicity; however, the results of this study should be confirmed in future studies, and relevant responses tailored for each target also need to be determined to control the transmission of hepatitis B and C infections.

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Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infections in Lao People’s Democratic Republic: The first national population-based cross-sectional survey

Miyano

Pathammavong²,

Ichimura

et al. 2022

PLoS ONE

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“…However, previous studies have revealed a lack of appropriate interactive devices to advise, assist, and provide services related to adolescent sexual health problems, especially for Chiang Rai's ethnic adolescents, such as Akha hill tribe teenagers [19]. The researcher is interested in developing innovative applications providing knowledge-building and health services to prevent sexually transmitted diseases and unplanned pregnancies in Chiang Rai's Akha adolescents.…”

Section: Technologies and Applications For Sexual Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Mobile Web Application Enhancing Knowledge and Providing Health Services Concerning Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Unplanned Pregnancy Prevention Among Akha Adolescents in Chiangrai Province, Northern Thailand

Chansiri

Wongwatkit

2022

Preprint

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Background: Akha adolescents in Chiang Rai lack knowledge about safe sex, the severity of sexually transmitted diseases, and unplanned pregnancy. This research aimed to develop innovative applications to serve as an important tool for enhancing knowledge and understanding of sexual health.Methods: The study consisted of three phases. The first phase was a survey of the needs of Akha adolescents on Doi Mae Salong and Doi Wawee in Chiang Rai Province, using an exploratory qualitative research method. A semi-structured interview was used with a total of 48 subjects in both the formal and non-formal education system. Data were analyzed by content analysis. The second phase was the designing and development of the mobile web application prototype which was given to a group of 37 people, both males and females to try out. The third phase was to test the users’ knowledge improvement and a questionnaire survey of users’ satisfaction and opinions about the mobile web application using a sample of 108 users. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics: frequency; percentage; mean; and standard deviation including a paired sample t-test.Results: The findings revealed a statistical significance (p ≤ 0.001) in the improvement of users’ knowledge (both males and females) between the pretest (x̅ = 4.15) and the posttest (x̅ = 7.23). Users’ satisfactions were also revealed with their impressions in 3 areas: 1) learning; 2) ease of use; 3) information display. The users found the mobile web application was useful, interesting, and attractive.Conclusions: This innovative application can increase knowledge and practices and prevent pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases. It can be used in various learning contexts.

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“…The hill tribe people have their own languages, cultures, and lifestyle, which are different from those of native Thai people. With globalization and economic constraints, the hill tribe people have opened their villages to allow for work, education, and other businesses [12]. Many individuals in newer generations have started to marry individuals from other tribes, including native Thai.…”

Section: Plos Onementioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of thalassemia among the hill tribe population in Thailand

et al. 2021

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Background Thalassemia is a severe disease that occurs due to abnormalities in hemoglobin genes. Various genetic factors in different populations lead to different clinical manifestations of thalassemia disease, particularly among people who have a long history of migration and who have married among tribes, such as the hill tribe people in Thailand. This genetic epidemiological study aimed to estimate the prevalence of various forms of thalassemia among the six main hill tribe populations in Thailand. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted to obtain information and blood specimens from school children belonging to one of the six main hill tribes in Thailand: Akha, Lau, Hmong, Yao, Karen, and Lisu. Hill tribe children who were attending grades 4–6 in 13 selected schools in Chiang Rai Province, Thailand, were invited to participate in the study. A validated questionnaire and 3 mL blood specimens were collected after obtaining information consent forms from both the children and their parents on a voluntary basis. A complete blood count (CBC) was performed, followed by osmotic fragility (OF) and dichlorophenol indophenol precipitation (DCIP) tests to screen for thalassemia. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) were used to identify hemoglobin type and α-thalassemia, respectively. A t-test, chi-square and logistic regression were used to detect the associations between variables at the significance level of α = 0.05. Results A total of 1,200 participants from 6 different tribes were recruited for the study; 50.0% were males, and 67.3% were aged 11–12 years. The overall prevalence of thalassemia carriers according to the screening tests was 9.8% (117 of 1,200). Among the cases, 83 were A2A (59 cases were α-thalassemia 1 carrier or α-thalassemia 2 carrier or homozygous α-thalassemia 2, and 24 cases were β-thalassemia trait with or without α-thalassemia); 1 case was EE (homozygous Hb E with or without α-thalassemia); 31 cases were EA (30 cases were the Hb E trait, and 1 case was Hb E trait with or without α-thalassemia); 1 case was A2A Bart’s H (Hb H disease α-thalassemia 1/α-thalassemia 2); and 1 case was A2A with abnormal Hb. The prevalence of the α-thalassemia 1 trait among the hill tribe population was 2.5%. The greatest prevalence of the α-thalassemia 1 trait was found in the Karen (3.0%) and Hmong (3.0%) tribes. Conclusions The prevalence of some forms of thalassemia in the hill tribe population is higher than that in the Thai and other populations. Effective and available thalassemia screening tests, including essential information to protect the next generation through the specific counseling clinic, are crucial, particularly due to increasing marriages within these populations.

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Sexual behaviors and seroprevalence of HIV, HBV, and HCV among hill tribe youths of Northern Thailand

Cited by 8 publications

References 44 publications

Prevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infections in Lao People’s Democratic Republic: The first national population-based cross-sectional survey

Prevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infections in Lao People’s Democratic Republic: The first national population-based cross-sectional survey

A Mobile Web Application Enhancing Knowledge and Providing Health Services Concerning Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Unplanned Pregnancy Prevention Among Akha Adolescents in Chiangrai Province, Northern Thailand

Epidemiology of thalassemia among the hill tribe population in Thailand

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