Sexual Conflict and Sperm Competition

Edward, Dominic A.; Stockley, Paula; Hosken, David J.

doi:10.1101/cshperspect.a017707

Cited by 44 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 94 publications

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“…Conflicts over mating decisions will most typically be of the DBP type with males selected to persist and females to resist and may accompany mating decisions over inbreeding, mate quality, and crosses between ecotypes, and, hence, the probability of speciation (Parker 1979(Parker , 2006bParker and Partridge 1998). However, conflict will also arise from adaptations to sperm competition and may, too, be extensive (reviewed by Stockley 1997;Edward et al 2014).…”

Section: Sexual Conflict In the Sexual Cascadementioning

confidence: 99%

The Sexual Cascade and the Rise of Pre-Ejaculatory (Darwinian) Sexual Selection, Sex Roles, and Sexual Conflict

Parker

2014

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology

155

164

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After brief historic overviews of sexual selection and sexual conflict, I argue that pre-ejaculatory sexual selection (the form of sexual selection discussed by Darwin) arose at a late stage in an inevitable succession of transitions flowing from the early evolution of syngamy to the evolution of copulation and sex roles. If certain conditions were met, this "sexual cascade" progressed inevitably, if not, sexual strategy remained fixed at a given stage. Prolonged evolutionary history of intense sperm competition/selection under external fertilization preceded the rise of advanced mobility, which generated pre-ejaculatory sexual selection, followed on land by internal fertilization and reduced sperm competition in the form of postcopulatory sexual selection. I develop a prospective model of the early evolution of mobility, which, as Darwin realized, was the catalyst for pre-ejaculatory sexual selection. Stages in the cascade should be regarded as consequential rather than separate phenomena and, as such, invalidate much current opposition to Darwin-Bateman sex roles. Potential for sexual conflict occurs throughout, greatly increasing later in the cascade, reaching its peak under precopulatory sexual selection when sex roles become highly differentiated.

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Section: Sexual Conflict In the Sexual Cascadementioning

confidence: 99%

The Sexual Cascade and the Rise of Pre-Ejaculatory (Darwinian) Sexual Selection, Sex Roles, and Sexual Conflict

Parker

2014

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Biology

155

164

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“…Just as for males in gonochorists (see Edward et al 2014), several adaptations in simultaneous hermaphrodites likely function to maximize the fertilization success of sperm donors under sperm competition, in a manner that may not be in the recipient's interest. Relevant traits include the number (e.g., Velando et al 2008) and morphology (e.g., Schärer et al 2011) of sperm transferred; mechanisms for the efficient transfer of sperm (e.g., Janicke and Schärer 2009a), or for physical displacement of previously deposited sperm (a proposed function of the "disposable" penis of the sea slug Chromodoris reticulata, Sekizawa et al 2013); suppression of remating by sperm recipients (see below); and…”

Section: Postmating Conflicts: Interests Of the Sperm Donormentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual Conflict in Hermaphrodites

Schärer¹,

Janicke²,

Ramm³

2014

Cold Spring Harb Perspect Biol

106

142

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Hermaphrodites combine the male and female sex functions into a single individual, either sequentially or simultaneously. This simple fact means that they exhibit both similarities and differences in the way in which they experience, and respond to, sexual conflict compared to separate-sexed organisms. Here, we focus on clarifying how sexual conflict concepts can be adapted to apply to all anisogamous sexual systems and review unique (or especially important) aspects of sexual conflict in hermaphroditic animals. These include conflicts over the timing of sex change in sequential hermaphrodites, and in simultaneous hermaphrodites, over both sex roles and the postmating manipulation of the sperm recipient by the sperm donor. Extending and applying sexual conflict thinking to hermaphrodites can identify general evolutionary principles and help explain some of the unique reproductive diversity found among animals exhibiting this widespread but to date understudied sexual system.

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“…There is increasing evidence that sperm competition can cause conflict between the sexes, as can pre-copulatory male-male competition (reviewed in [3,4]). Theoretical studies have suggested that in the post-copulatory phase, sexually antagonistic arms races driven by such conflict can escalate more drastically in hermaphroditic animals (i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The direct cost of traumatic secretion transfer in hermaphroditic land snails: individuals stabbed with a love dart decrease lifetime fecundity

Kimura

Chiba

2015

Proc. R. Soc. B.

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Several taxa of simultaneously hermaphroditic land snails exhibit a conspicuous mating behaviour, the so-called shooting of love darts. During mating, such land snail species transfer a specific secretion by stabbing a mating partner's body with the love dart. It has been shown that sperm donors benefit from this traumatic secretion transfer, because the secretions manipulate the physiology of a sperm recipient and increase the donors' fertilization success. However, it is unclear whether reception of dart shooting is costly to the recipients. Therefore, the effect of sexual conflict and antagonistic arms races on the evolution of traumatic secretion transfer in land snails is still controversial. To examine this effect, we compared lifetime fecundity and longevity between the individuals that received and did not receive dart shooting from mating partners in Bradybaena pellucida. Our experiments showed that the dart-receiving snails suffered reduction in lifetime fecundity and longevity. These results suggest that the costly mating behaviour, dart shooting, generates conflict between sperm donors and recipients and that sexually antagonistic arms races have contributed to the diversification of the morphological and behavioural traits relevant to dart shooting. Our findings also support theories suggesting a violent escalation of sexual conflict in hermaphroditic animals.

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Sexual Conflict and Sperm Competition

Cited by 44 publications

References 94 publications

The Sexual Cascade and the Rise of Pre-Ejaculatory (Darwinian) Sexual Selection, Sex Roles, and Sexual Conflict

The Sexual Cascade and the Rise of Pre-Ejaculatory (Darwinian) Sexual Selection, Sex Roles, and Sexual Conflict

Sexual Conflict in Hermaphrodites

The direct cost of traumatic secretion transfer in hermaphroditic land snails: individuals stabbed with a love dart decrease lifetime fecundity

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