Sexual dimorphism in chelicerae, forelegs and palpal traits in two burrowing wolf spiders (Araneae: Lycosidae) with sex-role reversal

Aisenberg, Anita; Costa, Fernando Guilherme Perazzo; González, Macarena; Postiglioni, Rodrigo; Pérez‐Miles, Fernando

doi:10.1080/00222931003632716

Cited by 37 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…There is evidence for sexual dimorphism in the leg lengths of ground-living spiders (Gasnier et al, 2002;Framenau, 2005). This idea is supported by studies on the locomotory activity of wolf spiders, in which males are the more active sex (Framenau et al, 1996;Framenau, 2005); for a counter example, see Aisenberg et al (2010). Data on leg length in wolf spiders show comparatively longer legs for males than females, although only after the final moult, suggesting its significance in reproductive behaviour, such as searching for mates (Framenau, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Consequences of sexual size dimorphism on energetics and locomotor performance ofGrammostola rosea(Araneae; Teraphosidae)

et al. 2016

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Most male spiders are smaller than females; during sexual maturity, males change their behaviour, abandoning their web or nest to seek out receptive females actively, whereas females stalk prey near their web or nest and tend not to move away from it. Considering this behavioural difference to be associated with increased locomotor activity at maturity, it may be hypothesized that males will have traits that increase locomotor performance. The present study examines the kinetics and energetics of the movements of the mygalomorph spider Grammostola rosea Walckenaer, a large spider with sexual size dimorphism. It is found that males have a higher maximum aerobic speed, average speed, distance travelled and critical angle of climbing than females, indicating better performance. Males also have lower costs of transport than females. These results support the hypothesis that sexual dimorphism in wandering spiders with active males, which are characterized by smaller body size and longer legs than the larger and more static females, is associated with low transport cost, high velocity and better locomotor performance.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Consequences of sexual size dimorphism on energetics and locomotor performance ofGrammostola rosea(Araneae; Teraphosidae)

et al. 2016

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“…Basic forms of paternal investment leading to sex role reversal include furnishing the female with a reproductive burrow or nest (as in wolf spiders, Allocosa spp. ; Aisenberg et al, ) or a nuptial gift of prey items (as in dance flies, Empididae; Cumming, ). Costlier paternal investment strategies include the production of large nutritive spermatophores, each of which may comprise from 7% (in the honey locust beetle Megabruchidius dorsalis ; Takakura, ) to 40% (in the bushcricket Ephippiger ephippiger ; Ritchie, Sunter & Hockham, ) of the body mass of the male producing it.…”

Section: Sex Role Reversalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sexual selection and its evolutionary consequences in female animals

2018

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For sexual selection to act on a given sex, there must exist variation in the reproductive success of that sex as a result of differential access to mates or fertilisations. The mechanisms and consequences of sexual selection acting on male animals are well documented, but research on sexual selection acting on females has only recently received attention. Controversy still exists over whether sexual selection acts on females in the traditional sense, and over whether to modify the existing definition of sexual selection (to include resource competition) or to invoke alternative mechanisms (usually social selection) to explain selection acting on females in connection with reproduction. However, substantial evidence exists of females bearing characters or exhibiting behaviours that result in differential reproductive success that are analogous to those attributed to sexual selection in males. Here we summarise the literature and provide substantial evidence of female intrasexual competition for access to mates, female intersexual signalling to potential mates, and postcopulatory mechanisms such as competition between eggs for access to sperm and cryptic male allocation. Our review makes clear that sexual selection acts on females and males in similar ways but sometimes to differing extents: the ceiling for the elaboration of costly traits may be lower in females than in males. We predict that current and future research on female sexual selection will provide increasing support for the parsimony and utility of the existing definition of sexual selection.

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“…For example, Gwynne andSimmons (1990) showed that, when food is scarce, katydid females competed for males and the nutritious spermatophores that they produce.Other notable examplesare two wolf spider species,Allocosaalticeps and Allocosabrasiliensis, in which females actively search for males waiting in their burrows. The females initiate a courtship display at the entrance of the males' burrows and males either accept or reject them (Aisenberg et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Male mate choice in a sexually cannibalistic widow spider

et al. 2018

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Males of the brown widow spider,Latrodectusgeometricus(Theridiidae), invest energy in courtship displays and are often cannibalized after mating;accordingly, partial sex role reversal is expected. In this species, subadult females are able to mate and produce viable offspring. In contrast to mature females, these subadult females do not cannibalize their mates after copulation. Nevertheless, when given a choice, males preferred mature over subadult females and older over young mature females. We found no benefit for males in mating with the females of their choice. Older females weresignificantly less fecund than young mature females, and werenot more fecund than subadult females. We tested possible advantages in mating with cannibalistic (mature) females, such as an increased probability of plugging the female's genital duct or longer copulations,or disadvantages in mating with subadult females, such as higher remating risk. None of these explanations was supported. Thus, we lack an adaptive explanation for male preference for mature older females. We suggest that older females produce more pheromone to attract males and that males are thus misled into mating with older, more aggressive and less fecund females.

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Sexual dimorphism in chelicerae, forelegs and palpal traits in two burrowing wolf spiders (Araneae: Lycosidae) with sex-role reversal

Cited by 37 publications

References 39 publications

Consequences of sexual size dimorphism on energetics and locomotor performance ofGrammostola rosea(Araneae; Teraphosidae)

Consequences of sexual size dimorphism on energetics and locomotor performance ofGrammostola rosea(Araneae; Teraphosidae)

Sexual selection and its evolutionary consequences in female animals

Male mate choice in a sexually cannibalistic widow spider

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