Sexual dimorphism in human skulls. A comparison of sexual dimorphism in different populations

Uytterschaut, Hilde

doi:10.1007/bf02436582

Cited by 30 publications

(35 citation statements)

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“…The accuracy rate obtained in this study with the application of the anthropology was equal or superior to the one found in other similar studies, pointing that the methods analyzed present a high discrimination efficiency between the sexes [4,7,[10][11][12][13][18][19][20].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 43%

“…Especially in Brazil, such analysis becomes extremely necessary for it being a country with a multiracial general characteristic, with a mixture among white, black and indian people and with distinct regions in which there are specific and local miscegenation, such as in the South and Northeast [17]. Because of this, the anthropologic methodologies used in this study were selected according to the results of researches published in other countries, involving different populations such as the method of the Forensic Anthropology Data Bank (FDB) (1986) [9] and the method of Walker (2008) [14], with accuracy above 80% [18].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Estudo estimativo do sexo em crânios oriundos da região metropolitana de Guarulhos utilizando Antropologia Física e DNA

Carvalho

Brito

Paiva

et al. 2017

Rev. Odonto Ciênc. (Online)

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OBJECTIvE: This study aimed to determine the sex in human craniums using methodologies of Physical Anthropology, quantitative (Forensic Data Anthropology Bank, FDB, 1986) and one qualitative (Walker, 2008) and genetic analysis by amelogenin. METhODS: The sample was composed of 66 skulls (34 males and 32 females) from the Center for Study and Research in Forensic Science, Guarulhos, SP. The methodologies were applied by two researchers who were unaware of the cranium's sexes. For the statistical analysis, there were performed descriptive analysis, average, standard deviation, linear discriminant analysis and logistic regression. RESUlTS: The qualitative methodology presented an accuracy of 89.52%. For the DNA, it was possible to determine the sex in 86.15% of the sample. Analyzing the results for each skull in three different methodologies, we reached 100% correct. CONClUSION: As a result of this study, it is recommended that physical anthropology be the chosen method if it presents good accuracy when applied to different populations or if it is validated for the analyzed population. Otherwise, genetic analysis should be used for the determination of the sex.Key words: Physical Anthropology; DNA; Molecular Biology; Sex characteristics; Sex differentiation Estudo estimativo do sexo em crânios oriundos da região metropolitana de Guarulhos utilizando Antropologia Física e DNA RESumo OBJETIvO: O presente estudo propõe determinar o sexo de crânios humanos, a partir de metodologias quantitativa (Forensic Data Anthropology Bank, FDB, 1986) e qualitativa (Walker, 2008) da antropologia física além de análise genética da amelogenina. MéTODOS: A amostra foi composta de 66 esqueletos (34 masculinos e 32 femininos) do Centro de Estudos e Pesquisa Forense de Guarulhos, SP. As metodologias de avaliação foram aplicadas por dois pesquisadores que desconheciam o sexo dos crânios. Para análise estatísitica, foi realizada análise descritiva (média e desvio-padrão). RESUlTADOS: A análise qualitativa alcançou uma acurácia de 89.52%. A partir da análise do DNA, foi possível determinar o sexo em 86.15% das amostras. Ao avaliar, cada crânio, seguindo as 3 metodologias, foi possível alcançar 100% de acurácia. CONClUSãO: A partir dos resultados do presente estudo, fica recomendado o uso da antropologia física para a determinaçnao do sexo, desde que esteja validada para a população em análise. Além disso, a análise genética deve ser utilizada para a determinação do sexo de crânios humanos.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 43%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estudo estimativo do sexo em crânios oriundos da região metropolitana de Guarulhos utilizando Antropologia Física e DNA

Carvalho

Brito

Paiva

et al. 2017

Rev. Odonto Ciênc. (Online)

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“…La taille est la principale manifestation du dimorphisme sexuel en biologie [16,17], mais sa variabilité et sa faible ampleur chez l'homme empêchent d'atteindre un taux de classification acceptable en identification. Les origines des autres variations squelettiques sont peu connues, elles sont souvent étiquetées comme « spécificités populationnelles » mais sont rarement définies.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Dimorphisme sexuel du crâne de sujets identifiés (collection Olivier, MNHN, Paris): évaluation par morphométrie géométrique

Guyomarc’h

Brůžek

2010

Bull. Mém. Soc. Anthropol.

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Dimorphisme sexuel du crâne de sujets identifiés (collection Olivier, MNHN, Paris) : évaluation par morphométrie géométrique Cranial sexual dimorphism of identified subjects (collection Olivier, MNHN, Paris): an evaluation by geometric morphometrics P. Guyomarc'h · J. Bruzek Reçu le 25 mars 2009 ; accepté le 5 mai 2010 © Société d'anthropologie de Paris et Springer-Verlag France 2010Résumé La diagnose sexuelle à partir du squelette se partage entre les méthodes visuelles, chargées d'une grande subjectivité et nécessitant un apprentissage, et les méthodes métriques (fonctions discriminantes) qui sont spécifiques aux populations à partir desquelles elles ont été élaborées. La principale limite de ces dernières méthodes en termes de reproductibilité est incarnée par le facteur taille, connu pour être variable d'une population à l'autre. Les récents développements de la morphométrie géométrique ouvrent de nouvelles voies de recherche. Cette étude évalue le degré de dimorphisme sexuel du crâne d'une série de 50 squelettes identifiés (25 hommes et 25 femmes issus de la collection Olivier, MNHN, Paris) par le biais de la morphométrie géométrique. Cette technique autorise une séparation de la taille globale et de la conformation des crânes. Les variations de taille et de conformation ainsi identifiées sont alors statistiquement étudiées et interprétées. Notre échantillon révèle un fort dimorphisme sexuel de taille et un dimorphisme sexuel de conformation plus subtil, notamment dans la région faciale de nos individus. Ces différences entre hommes et femmes se concentrent sur l'os zygomatique, le temporal et la cavité nasale ; elles sont en partie imputables à des phénomènes allométriques et biomécaniques. Les perspectives de tels résultats sont discutées en termes de potentiels pour l'élaboration de méthodes de détermination du sexe à partir du crâne plus fiables. Mots clés Morphométrie géométrique · Dimorphisme sexuel · Crâne · Collection OlivierAbstract The sexual diagnosis based on the skeleton can be performed with visual methods but they appear subjective and require training. Metric methods are also widely used (discriminant functions) but they are known to be specific to the population, which they have been created with. The utmost cause of reproducibility limits inherent to these methods remains the size variable. Recent developments in geometric morphometrics open new research ways. This study evaluates the degree of cranial sexual dimorphism in a 50 identified skeletons sample (25 males and 25 females from the Olivier collection, MNHN, Paris) using geometric morphometrics. These tools allow separating the global size from the cranial shape. The size and shape variables can thus be statistically studied and interpreted. Our sample reveals a strong size-related sexual dimorphism and a more subtle shape-related sexual dimorphism, especially in the face region. These differences between males and females are concentrated in the zygomatic bone, the temporal and the nasal aperture. They can be linked to allometry and ...

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“…Whites and Blacks from the Terry and Hamann‐Todd collections. Their success rates ranged from 82% to 89%, and subsequent analyses typically reported comparable classification accuracy . Using twentieth‐century Americans in the Forensic Anthropology Databank from the University of Tennessee, correct sex assessment rates of 88–90% are commonly reported .…”

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confidence: 99%

Improving Sex Estimation from Crania Using a Novel Three‐dimensional Quantitative Method^,^,

Fatah

Shirley

Jantz

et al. 2014

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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This study utilizes an innovative 3D approach to discover metric variables that obtain the highest classification rates for sex estimation from the cranium. Models were constructed from 222 cranial CT scans of U.S. Whites from the Bass Donated Collection. These models were used to create a statistical bone atlas that captures the primary shape variation in the skull and facilitates rapid computer-automated analyses. The bone atlas showed that important size-related sex variables are bizygomatic breadth, maximum cranial length, cranial base length, and mastoid height. Shape-related variables capture sex differences in the projection of the glabellar region, inclination of the frontal, and cranial base flexion. In addition, vault thickness is highly dimorphic, with females having on average thicker vaults in the frontal region, and males having thicker vaults in the occipital region. Cross-validated linear discriminant analysis obtained >95% accuracy (97.5% with 11 variables and 95.5% with eight variables).

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Sexual dimorphism in human skulls. A comparison of sexual dimorphism in different populations

Cited by 30 publications

References 8 publications

Estudo estimativo do sexo em crânios oriundos da região metropolitana de Guarulhos utilizando Antropologia Física e DNA

Estudo estimativo do sexo em crânios oriundos da região metropolitana de Guarulhos utilizando Antropologia Física e DNA

Dimorphisme sexuel du crâne de sujets identifiés (collection Olivier, MNHN, Paris): évaluation par morphométrie géométrique

Improving Sex Estimation from Crania Using a Novel Three‐dimensional Quantitative Method^,^,

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Sexual dimorphism in human skulls. A comparison of sexual dimorphism in different populations

Cited by 30 publications

References 8 publications

Estudo estimativo do sexo em crânios oriundos da região metropolitana de Guarulhos utilizando Antropologia Física e DNA

Estudo estimativo do sexo em crânios oriundos da região metropolitana de Guarulhos utilizando Antropologia Física e DNA

Dimorphisme sexuel du crâne de sujets identifiés (collection Olivier, MNHN, Paris): évaluation par morphométrie géométrique

Improving Sex Estimation from Crania Using a Novel Three‐dimensional Quantitative Method,,

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Improving Sex Estimation from Crania Using a Novel Three‐dimensional Quantitative Method^,^,