Sexual Harassment in the Athletic Training Room: Implications for Athletic Trainers

Velasquez, Benito J.; Drummond, James L.

doi:10.1123/att.8.2.20

Cited by 7 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…This provides stakeholders with the understanding and knowledge both to overcome denial and to implement prevention solutions. All levels of the organisation need to be targeted, from international sport executives to local volunteers, including athletes,196 200 201 athlete entourage members (coaches, agents, fitness personnel),202–209 administrators and sport managers,171 210–216 families and peers,199 217 218 clinicians and healthcare providers,153 163 219 220 and sport and exercise science professionals and their training agencies 154 221–224…”

Section: Prevention Of Harassment and Abusementioning

confidence: 99%

International Olympic Committee consensus statement: harassment and abuse (non-accidental violence) in sport

et al. 2016

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Despite the well-recognised benefits of sport, there are also negative influences on athlete health, well-being and integrity caused by non-accidental violence through harassment and abuse. All athletes have a right to engage in ‘safe sport’, defined as an athletic environment that is respectful, equitable and free from all forms of non-accidental violence to athletes. Yet, these issues represent a blind spot for many sport organisations through fear of reputational damage, ignorance, silence or collusion. This consensus statement extends the 2007 IOC Consensus Statement on Sexual Harassment and Abuse in Sport, presenting additional evidence of several other types of harassment and abuse—psychological, physical and neglect. All ages and types of athletes are susceptible to these problems but science confirms that elite, disabled, child and lesbian/gay/bisexual/trans-sexual (LGBT) athletes are at highest risk, that psychological abuse is at the core of all other forms and that athletes can also be perpetrators. Harassment and abuse arise from prejudices expressed through power differences. Perpetrators use a range of interpersonal mechanisms including contact, non-contact/verbal, cyber-based, negligence, bullying and hazing. Attention is paid to the particular risks facing child athletes, athletes with a disability and LGBT athletes. Impacts on the individual athlete and the organisation are discussed. Sport stakeholders are encouraged to consider the wider social parameters of these issues, including cultures of secrecy and deference that too often facilitate abuse, rather than focusing simply on psychopathological causes. The promotion of safe sport is an urgent task and part of the broader international imperative for good governance in sport. A systematic multiagency approach to prevention is most effective, involving athletes, entourage members, sport managers, medical and therapeutic practitioners, educators and criminal justice agencies. Structural and cultural remedies, as well as practical recommendations, are suggested for sport organisations, athletes, sports medicine and allied disciplines, sport scientists and researchers. The successful prevention and eradication of abuse and harassment against athletes rests on the effectiveness of leadership by the major international and national sport organisations.

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Section: Prevention Of Harassment and Abusementioning

confidence: 99%

International Olympic Committee consensus statement: harassment and abuse (non-accidental violence) in sport

et al. 2016

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“…Organizational factors including burnout, 37 professional socialization, 38,39 work-family conflict, [40][41][42][43] and sexual harassment [44][45][46] have been widely investigated in athletic training, but to date, WPB is absent from the research. Unlike the other organizational factors, WPB research is still in its infancy.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Perceptions of Workplace Bullying Among Athletic Trainers in the Collegiate Setting

Weuve

Pitney

Martin

et al. 2014

Journal of Athletic Training

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Workplace bullying incidents occur when administrators tolerate bullying behaviors from controlling and manipulative individuals who lack respect for the athletic training professional. Several negative outcomes result from bullying interactions, including stress and anxiety; WPB is dealt with by learning to be more emotionally resilient and avoiding confrontations. Workplace training is needed to prepare athletic trainers for such negative experiences.

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“…As a result, this employment setting has been widely investigated for organizational issues, including burnout, 29 professional socialization, 30,31 work-family conflict, [32][33][34][35] and sexual harassment, [36][37][38] but to date, WPB has been neglected. Because athletic trainers (ATs) interact with a myriad of individuals, such as physicians, coaches, and administrators, an investigation of WPB can identify whether it permeates the college AT's setting.…”

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confidence: 99%

Experiences With Workplace Bullying Among Athletic Trainers in the Collegiate Setting

Weuve

Pitney

Martin

et al. 2014

Journal of Athletic Training

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Context: Workplace bullying (WPB) is a series of persistent negative interactions that affect a clinician's ability to perform his or her role. Although WPB has been studied in other health professions, to date, no information exists pertaining to WPB in athletic training.Objective: To determine the prevalence of WPB in the collegiate setting and examine factors that influence its occurrence.Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: Collegiate setting.Patients or Other Participants: There were 723 (329 female, 394 male) athletic trainers (ATs) aged 37.5 6 10.4 years.Main Outcome Measure(s): We collected data via the validated and reliable online Athletic Training Environment Survey. Descriptive statistics were obtained to determine a bullying score for each AT and examine the prevalence of WPB. Chi-square analyses were performed to examine the differences between (1) sex, (2) academic degree level, (3) employment title, and (4) National Athletic Trainers' Association district.Results: A total of 106 participants (14.7%) had a score of 2 or higher, indicating they were bullied in the athletic training setting. Of those bullied, 47 (44.3%) were women and 59 (55.7%) were men. There was no difference between women and men with respect to having experienced bullying (v ; of these, 38.2% (n ¼ 39) were coaches, 17.6% (n ¼ 18) were supervisory ATs, and 8.8% (n ¼ 9) were coworker ATs.Conclusions: Bullying was experienced by both male and female ATs in the collegiate setting, and a higher number of bullies were male. More research is necessary to explore WPB in other work settings.Key Words: workplace violence, interpersonal conflict, harassment Key PointsOf athletic trainers working in the collegiate setting, 14.7% had experienced bullying. Coaches were identified as the most common perpetrators, and the majority of the perpetrators were men. The prevalence of bullying did not differ significantly between male and female athletic trainers.

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Sexual Harassment in the Athletic Training Room: Implications for Athletic Trainers

Abstract: Sexual harassment can include unwelcome physical contact or verbal comments. Sexual harassment can be male to male or female to female. Sexually harassing behavior can come from coworkers, associates, or students. Both men and women are at risk of being sexually harassed.

Cited by 7 publications

References 5 publications

International Olympic Committee consensus statement: harassment and abuse (non-accidental violence) in sport

International Olympic Committee consensus statement: harassment and abuse (non-accidental violence) in sport

Perceptions of Workplace Bullying Among Athletic Trainers in the Collegiate Setting

Experiences With Workplace Bullying Among Athletic Trainers in the Collegiate Setting

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