Sexual orientation discrimination in the labor market against gay men

Drydakis, Nick

doi:10.1007/s11150-021-09581-8

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…The raw statistics indicated that unemployment for sexual minorities was higher in 2013–2014 than in 2018–2019 and the estimates indicated that cannabis consumption for sexual minorities was higher in 2013–2014 than in 2018–2019. Greek studies have reported that homophobia and victimisation increased in the region during the EU financial crisis [11]. Increased discriminatory attitudes and economic hardships due to the recession could be associated with the adoption of coping strategies [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nine years later, in 2019, the country's unemployment rate continued to be double that before the onset of the economic recession (9%), indicating a recession [15]. Since 2010, homophobia increased due to a rise of the far‐right political party, with sexual minorities experiencing severe stigmatisation and a ‘barrage of homophobic violence’ in the capital city associated with the adverse political and socioeconomic effects of the recession [11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Greece, there was an increase in homophobic attitudes during the financial crisis, as well as annual aggregate unemployment enhanced employment discrimination against sexual minorities [11]. During this time, there was a health/mental health deterioration that negatively affected both sexual minorities [18] and the general population [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The perceived social rejection of sexual minorities: Substance use and unprotected sexual intercourse

Drydakis

2022

Drug and Alcohol Review

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This study presents associations between the perceived social rejection of sexual minorities and tobacco, alcohol, and cannabis consumption and unprotected sexual intercourse in the capital of Greece, Athens. This is the first Greek study to evaluate the concept of the minority stress theory on sexual minorities' substance use and unprotected sexual intercourse. In addition, this is among the first international studies to examine whether periods of adverse economic conditions are associated with sexual minorities' substance use and unprotected sexual intercourse. Two panel datasets covering the periods 2013-2014 and 2018-2019 were used to determine the perceived social rejection, that is, whether sexual minorities have been rejected by friends, treated unfairly in educational and/or workplace environments, treated negatively in social situations and received poor health and public services due to their sexuality. The estimates indicate that perceived social rejection is associated with the increased consumption of tobacco (by 9.1%, P <0.01), alcohol (by 7.1%, P <0.01), and cannabis (by 12.5%, P <0.01), as well as unprotected sexual intercourse (by 6.5%, P <0.01). In the first three cases, the magnitude of the associations is stronger for men than women and there is increased cannabis consumption during periods of deteriorated economic conditions (by 5.5%, P <0.01). In the European Union, reducing stigma, substance use, risky sexual behaviours, and health inequalities for sexual minorities is a goal of public health. If minority stress is correlated with substance use and risky sexual behaviours leading to detrimental physical/mental health outcomes then prevention and support interventions should be designed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The perceived social rejection of sexual minorities: Substance use and unprotected sexual intercourse

Drydakis

2022

Drug and Alcohol Review

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“…In Greece, employment studies have found that gay/bisexual men and lesbian/bisexual women encounter lower wages, higher unemployment, and more adverse experiences in the workplace than do their heterosexual peers, thus indicating that the sexual minorities might experience higher financial hardships than heterosexual people 2011;2012a;2015a, 2019a2021b). Moreover, the Greek literature has indicated that homophobia is at the root of biased treatment which is received by sexual minorities in the workplace 2019a;2021c). During the financial crisis, especially between 2012 and 2017, there was an increase in homophobia, verbal abuse, and physical violence against sexual minorities (Sroiter, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

M-health Apps and Physical and Mental Health Outcomes of Sexual Minorities

Drydakis

2022

Journal of Homosexuality

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Given the assigned health inequalities faced by sexual minorities, it is fitting to assess whether mhealth could be associated with better health-related outcomes for these sexual minorities. The present study examines associations between m-physical and m-mental health apps and sexual minorities' physical and mental health status in Greece. The study utilized three waves of panel data collected in 2018, 2019, and 2020. The findings indicated associations between the use of mphysical and m-mental health apps and increased physical and mental health status for sexual minorities. The work concludes that m-health could enhance informational capabilities associated with increased levels of physical and mental health for sexual minorities. Indeed, the study found that, during the COVID-19 pandemic, sexual minorities experienced physical and mental health deteriorations. Interestingly, the estimates indicated that the association between the use of mphysical and m-mental health apps and increased mental health status for sexual minorities was stronger during the COVID-19 pandemic than before. The study suggests that tracking healthrelated information through m-health apps during periods of increased uncertainty could be associated with better health prevention and management. If m-health apps can alleviate adverse physical and mental health symptoms for sexual minorities, their potential should be considered.

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“…Sexual and gender minority individuals, such as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, asexual and other sexual and gender identities (LGBTQIA+), have historically been targets of discrimination and prejudice in the workplace [5][6][7]. Examples of this include negative comments and behaviors, moral harassment, reduced job opportunities, job offers, and promotions, and stigmatization and violence based on their sexual orientation and/or gender identity, whether by colleagues or business management [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Impact of Psychological Distress on the Occupational Well-Being of Sexual and Gender Minorities

2022

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Background: Discrimination against sexual and gender minorities in occupational settings has been an important topic of research. However, little is known about this impact in Portuguese-speaking people. Methods: 305 Portuguese and Brazilian participants who identified as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, intersex, asexual, and other sexual and gender identities (LGBTQIA+) completed an online survey comprising sociodemographic questions, a set of scales to assess psychological distress, and a set of scales to assess occupational well-being. Results: Participants had higher levels of burnout, depressive symptoms, and anxiety and lower levels of work-related quality of life, engagement, and self-efficacy at work compared to the defined cut-off points for normative populations, with asexual and bisexual people appearing to be the most affected. Significant correlations were found for all variables, and psychological distress was a significant predictor of lower occupational well-being. Conclusions: These findings are useful for understanding the occupational health of LGBTQIA+ people and suggest efforts to improve the climate in the workplace for this population.

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Sexual orientation discrimination in the labor market against gay men

Cited by 16 publications

References 71 publications

The perceived social rejection of sexual minorities: Substance use and unprotected sexual intercourse

The perceived social rejection of sexual minorities: Substance use and unprotected sexual intercourse

M-health Apps and Physical and Mental Health Outcomes of Sexual Minorities

The Impact of Psychological Distress on the Occupational Well-Being of Sexual and Gender Minorities

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