Sexual Orientation versus
						Behavior—Different for Men and Women?

Brown, Eliza; England, Paula

doi:10.4135/9781506352299.n53

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…By contrast, only 71% of women 18-45 years of age who called themselves bisexual report ever having had oral sex with a woman. Indeed,Brown and England (2016) found that 23% of bisexual women have never had sex with a woman (16% have had only male partn ers, and 7% no partners of either sex).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Increases in Sex with Same-Sex Partners and Bisexual Identity Across Cohorts of Women (but Not Men)

England¹,

Mishel²,

Caudillo³

2016

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*Abstract:**We use data from the 2002-2013 National Surveys of Family Growth toexamine change across U.S. cohorts born between 1966 and 1995 in whetherindividuals have had sex with same-sex partners only, or with both men andwomen, and in whether they have a bisexual or gay identity. Adjusted forage, race/ethnicity, immigrant status, and mother’s education, we findincreases across cohorts in the proportion of women who report a bisexualidentity, who report ever having had sex with both sexes, or who reporthaving had sex with women only. By contrast, we find no cohort trend formen; roughly 5% of men in every cohort have ever had sex with a man, andthe proportion claiming a gay or bisexual attraction changed little. Inconcluding, we speculate that the gender difference is rooted in a broaderpattern of asymmetry in gender change in which departures from traditionalgender norms are more acceptable for women than men.*

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Increases in Sex with Same-Sex Partners and Bisexual Identity Across Cohorts of Women (but Not Men)

England¹,

Mishel²,

Caudillo³

2016

Preprint

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“…There is no trend in having sex with only same-sex partners since age 18 for either men or women; the predicted probabilities are approximately 0.01 or 0.02 in every cohort for both men and women (Table 4). In interpreting this result, we note past research showing that many individuals who ultimately come to identify as lesbians or gay men had sex at some point with a member of the other sex (Brown and England 2016); the heteronormative environment in which most youth come of age makes it likely that even those attracted largely to those of their same sex will face social pressure to have a partner of the other sex. Thus, the lack of trend in having had only same-sex partners tells us little about trends in the proportion who ultimately live a life in which all or many of their relationships are with same-sex partners.…”

Section: Findings: Trends For Women and Menmentioning

confidence: 67%

Cohort Increases in Sex with Same-Sex Partners: Do Trends Vary by Gender, Race, and Class?

Mishel¹,

England

Ford

et al. 2020

Gender & Society

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We examine change across U.S. cohorts born between 1920 and 2000 in their probability of having had sex with same-sex partners in the last year and since age 18. Using data from the 1988–2018 General Social Surveys, we explore how trends differ by gender, race, and class background. We find steep increases across birth cohorts in the proportion of women who have had sex with both men and women since age 18, whereas increases for men are less steep. We suggest that the trends reflect an increasingly accepting social climate, and that women’s steeper trend is rooted in a long-term asymmetry in gender change, in which nonconformity to gender norms is more acceptable for women than men. We also find evidence that, among men, the increase in having had sex with both men and women was steeper for black than for white men, and for men of lower socioeconomic status; we speculate that the rise of mass incarceration among less privileged men may have influenced this trend.

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“…For both men and women, the predicted probabilities are always low; they round to either .01 or .02 for every cohort. 10 In interpreting this result, we note past research showing that many individuals who ultimately come to identify as lesbians or gay men had sex at some point with a member of the other sex (Caudillo and England 2015;Brown and England 2016); the heteronormative environment in which most youth come of age makes it likely that even those attracted largely to those of their same sex will face social pressure to have a partner of the other sex. Thus, the lack of trend in having had only same-sex partners tells us little about trends in the proportion who ultimately live a life in which all or many of their relationships are with same-sex partners.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…Past research shows that many adults who identify as gay or lesbian, and who have had only same-sex partners in the last year, nonetheless at some time in their past had one or more sexual partners of the other sex (Caudillo and England 2015;Brown and England 2016). Given this, results from outcomes 1 and 2 are useful to consider alongside those from outcomes 3 and 4.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increases in Sex with Same-Sex Partners Across U.S. Cohorts Born 1920-1998: A Race-Gender Intersection

Mishel¹,

England²,

Ford³

et al. 2018

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We examine change across U.S. cohorts born between 1920 and 1998 in their probability of having had sex with same-sex partners last year and since age 18. We explore how trends differ by gender, race and class background. We use data from the 1988-2016 General Social Surveys. We find steady increases across birth cohorts in the proportion of men and women who have had both male and female sexual partners since age 18. A key finding is a race-gender intersection: black men and women of all races had similar increases— increases which were much steeper than those observed for white men. We suggest that women’s increase is rooted in a long-term asymmetry in gender change, in which nonconformity to gender norms in many arenas is more acceptable for women than men. As the increase for men is largest among black men—and this is the population most affected by the rise of mass incarceration—we suggest the latter may be a contributing factor.

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Sexual Orientation versus Behavior—Different for Men and Women?

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Increases in Sex with Same-Sex Partners and Bisexual Identity Across Cohorts of Women (but Not Men)

Increases in Sex with Same-Sex Partners and Bisexual Identity Across Cohorts of Women (but Not Men)

Cohort Increases in Sex with Same-Sex Partners: Do Trends Vary by Gender, Race, and Class?

Increases in Sex with Same-Sex Partners Across U.S. Cohorts Born 1920-1998: A Race-Gender Intersection

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