Sexual Orientation Victimization and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms Among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Youth

Dragowski, Eliza A.; Halkitis, Perry N.; Grossman, Arnold H.; D’Augelli, Anthony R.

doi:10.1080/10538720.2010.541028

Cited by 67 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…PTSD symptoms were higher among lesbian and bisexual female participants, those who had experienced more verbal discrimination during school, and those who reported higher rates of what was termed "personal homonegativity". Further analysis of the same data revealed that PTSD symptoms were correlated with general stressful life events, verbal victimisation, and internalised homophobia(Dragowski et al, 2011). As we suggested above, it is plausible that the stressful effects of discrimination render some people vulnerable to decompensation, which in turn leads to negative self-evaluations and self-blame that are part of rather than causal of negative mental health outcomes.Two other important studies that have investigated the effects of stress upon people marginalised by ideologies of gender and sexuality also suggest that the key issue at stake is the effects of social norms and their role in decompensation, rather than the role of subjective appraisals.…”

mentioning

confidence: 72%

Decompensation: A Novel Approach to Accounting for Stress Arising From the Effects of Ideology and Social Norms

Riggs

Treharne

2016

Journal of Homosexuality

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To date, research that has drawn on Meyer's (2003) minority stress model has largely taken for granted the premises underpinning it. In this article we provide a close reading of how "stress" is conceptualized in the model and suggest that aspects of the model do not attend to the institutionalized nature of stressors experienced by people with marginalized identities, particularly lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender individuals. As a counter to this, we highlight the importance of a focus on the effects of ideology and social norms in terms of stress, and we argue why an intersectional approach is necessary to ensure recognition of multiple axes of marginalization and privilege. The article then outlines the concept of decompensation and suggests that it may offer one way to reconsider the effects of ideology and social norms. The decompensation approach centers on the need for social change rather than solely relying on individuals to be resilient.

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mentioning

confidence: 72%

Decompensation: A Novel Approach to Accounting for Stress Arising From the Effects of Ideology and Social Norms

Riggs

Treharne

2016

Journal of Homosexuality

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“…Previous research has identified a variety of problems associated with sexual violence perpetrated against MSM. These include various forms of child maltreatment; adult psychosocial factors such as homophobia and depression; substance use; sexual risk behaviors; and personal and social characteristics such as age and education (Anderson et al, 2015; Dragowski, Halkitis, Grossman, & D'Augelli, 2011; Hequembourg, Parks, Collins, & Hughes, 2015; Rusow, Fletcher, Le, & Reback, 2014; Shaw et al, 2012). We hypothesized that these factors represent syndemic conditions for sexual violence among MSM in an LMIC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Correlates of Sexual Violence Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Tijuana, Mexico

et al. 2016

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Sexual violence against men who have sex with men (MSM) is prevalent in developing countries and is associated with increased HIV/STI risk. Despite high HIV prevalence (20%) among MSM in Tijuana, Mexico, little attention has been paid to the occurrence of sexual violence in this high-risk group. The present study used a syndemic conditions framework to examine correlates of sexual violence victimization in a sample of 201 MSM surveyed in Tijuana, Mexico during 2012 and 2013. Participants were recruited through respondent-driven sampling (RDS) and underwent a two-hour baseline interview and testing for HIV and syphilis. Sexual violence was defined as any incident during the past year in which the participant had been raped, sexually molested, or sexually harassed. The majority of participants self-identified as gay or bisexual, had never married, were employed, and had a high school education or greater. The average age was 29.7 years. Thirty-nine percent reported sexual violence in the past year. A hierarchical multiple linear regression model predicting more experiences of sexual violence was tested. In a final model, a higher number of experiences of sexual violence was associated with a history of childhood sexual abuse, more adult experiences of homophobia, more depression and hostility symptoms, and not living with a spouse or steady partner. The findings from this study support a model of co-occurring psychosocial factors that increase the likelihood of sexual violence experiences among MSM. Multi-level approaches to the prevention of childhood and adult experiences of sexual violence and homophobia are needed to avert the development of adverse mental and physical health outcomes associated with sexual violence victimization.

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“…Indeed, studies of sexual minority youth show that the process of coming out is a special time of stress and risk for suicide attempts (A. R. D’Augelli, et al, 2005; Anthony R D’Augelli, Grossman, & Starks, 2006; Dragowski, Halkitis, Grossman, & D’Augelli, 2011). Family rejection of a minority sexual orientation (Ryan, Huebner, Diaz, & Sanchez, 2009) and gender non-conformity have both been linked to suicidal behavior among sexual minority youth (Friedman, Koeske, Silvestre, Korr, & Sites, 2006; M Plöderl & Fartacek, 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicidality and sexual orientation: Characteristics of symptom severity, disclosure, and timing across the life course.

Blosnich

Nasuti²,

Mays³

et al. 2016

American Journal of Orthopsychiatry

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This investigation explored suicide-related characteristics and help-seeking behavior by sexual orientation. Population-based data are from the California Quality of Life Surveys, which included 1,478 sexual minority (lesbian, gay, bisexual, and homosexually experienced individuals) and 3,465 heterosexual individuals. Bisexual women had nearly 6-fold increased risk of lifetime suicide attempts than heterosexual women (RR=5.88, 95%CI: 3.89–8.90), and homosexually experienced men had almost 7 times higher risk of lifetime suicide attempts than heterosexual men (RR=6.93, 95%CI: 3.65–13.15). Sexual minority men and women were more likely than heterosexual men and women to have disclosed suicide attempts to a medical professional (RR=1.48 and RR=1.44, respectively). Among persons who ever attempted suicide, sexual minority women had a younger age of index attempt than heterosexual women (15.9 versus 19.6 years of age, respectively). Health care professionals should be aware of suicidal risk heterogeneity among sexual minority individuals, including vulnerable points of risk and evidenced-based treatments.

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Sexual Orientation Victimization and Posttraumatic Stress Symptoms Among Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Youth

Cited by 67 publications

References 59 publications

Decompensation: A Novel Approach to Accounting for Stress Arising From the Effects of Ideology and Social Norms

Decompensation: A Novel Approach to Accounting for Stress Arising From the Effects of Ideology and Social Norms

Correlates of Sexual Violence Among Men Who Have Sex With Men in Tijuana, Mexico

Suicidality and sexual orientation: Characteristics of symptom severity, disclosure, and timing across the life course.

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