Sexual Predators and Social Policy

Lieb, Roxanne; Quinsey, Vernon L.; Berliner, Lucy

doi:10.1086/449269

Cited by 91 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 99 publications

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“…Real victims were children or virtuous others (White, middle class, virginal, feminine) whom the public deemed worthy of compassion and justice (Estrich, 1987;Wood, 2005). As a result, the first modern wave of legislative action against sex offenders was foreseeably directed at a class of offenders that would harm these real victims (Lieb, Quinsey, & Berliner, 1998). The first wave of action against sex offenders was prompted by the rape and murder of two girls, 4 and 8 years old, respectively, in the late 1930s (Robertson, 2001).…”

Section: Background Victim Construction and The Legal Redress Of Sex mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…J. Edgar hoover described this time as one marked by rapidly increasing sex crimes and stated that this was a time for "sex crimes to be placed under the spotlight and its evils disclosed" (as quoted in Lieb et al, 1998, p. 53). Moreover, he urged an "aroused public opinion" of crimes of this nature and the criminals who commit them (Lieb et al, 1998).…”

Section: Background Victim Construction and The Legal Redress Of Sex mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(p. 12) Sexual psychopathy laws were considered the first social experiment in the United States to merge psychiatry and criminology and were "touted as a scientific, enlightened response to dangerous sex offenders" (Lieb et al, 1998, p. 55). California's sexual psychopathy laws, some of the earliest passed in the United States as well as the most utilized (dix, 1976), originally applied only to child molesters (Lieb et al, 1998).…”

Section: Background Victim Construction and The Legal Redress Of Sex mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They organized victim rallies, at which they told stories of incest and date rape. They moved the dialogue past the idea of the stranger-rapist and toward the more common intimate-partner violence and intrafamilial violence experienced by many (Lieb et al, 1998). The theory of "rape culture" 2 was introduced to explain the United States' relatively high rates of sexual victimization and offending; that is, sexual violence as the result of institutionalized sexism and objectification of women.…”

Section: Rape Law Reform and Victims' Interestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because respectable men (e.g., fathers, husbands, boyfriends, pastors) were now being identified as sex offenders, more treatment-based sentencing alternatives were advocated under the assumption that this would increase crime victim reporting and cooperation (particularly with child victims) within the criminal justice system; ergo, the victims' needs would be met while simultaneously holding offenders accountable (Lieb et al, 1998). For example, at the urging of treatment providers for both sex offenders and sexual assault victims, the Washington State Sentencing Guideline Commission, in conjunction with the state legislature, created the Special Sex Offender Sentencing Alternative, which allowed for certain offenders to receive community-based treatment and supervision, rather than serve time in prison (Berliner, Schram, Miller, & Milloy, 1995).…”

Section: Rape Law Reform and Victims' Interestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Impact of Sex Offender Policies on Victims

Bandy¹

2014

Sex Offender Laws

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Section: Background Victim Construction and The Legal Redress Of Sex mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Background Victim Construction and The Legal Redress Of Sex mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Background Victim Construction and The Legal Redress Of Sex mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rape Law Reform and Victims' Interestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rape Law Reform and Victims' Interestsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

The Impact of Sex Offender Policies on Victims

Bandy¹

2014

Sex Offender Laws

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A Prospective Examination of Whether Childhood Sexual Abuse Predicts Subsequent Sexual Offending

Widom

Massey

2015

JAMA Pediatr

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IMPORTANCE Childhood sexual abuse has been assumed to increase the risk for sexual offending. However, despite methodological limitations of prior research, public policies and clinical practice have been based on this assumption. OBJECTIVE To empirically examine the commonly held belief that sexually abused children grow up to become sexual offenders and specialize in sex crimes. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSThis prospective cohort study and archival records check included cases and control individuals originally from a metropolitan county in the Midwest. Children with substantiated cases of physical and sexual abuse and neglect (aged 0-11 years) were matched with children without such histories on the basis of age, sex, race/ethnicity, and approximate family social class (908 cases and 667 control individuals). Both groups were followed up into adulthood (mean age, 51 years). The court cases were from 1967 to 1971; the follow-up extended to 2013.MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Criminal history information was collected from federal and state law enforcement agency records at 3 points in time and from state sex offender registries.RESULTS Overall, individuals with histories of childhood abuse and neglect were at increased risk for being arrested for a sex crime compared with control individuals (adjusted odds ratio [AOR], 2.17; 95% CI, 1.38-3.40), controlling for age, sex, and race/ethnicity. Specifically, individuals with histories of physical abuse (AOR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.02-4.16) and neglect (AOR, 2.21; 95% CI, 1.39-3.51) were at significantly increased risk for arrest for sex offenses, whereas for sexual abuse, the AOR (2.13; 95% CI, 0.83-5.47) did not reach significance. Physically abused and neglected males (not females) were at increased risk and physically abused males also had a higher mean number of sex crime arrests compared with control individuals. The results did not provide support for sex crime specialization. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEThe widespread belief that sexually abused children are uniquely at risk to become sex offenders was not supported by prospective empirical evidence. These new findings suggest that early intervention programs should target children with histories of physical abuse and neglect. They also indicate that existing policies and practices specifically directed at future risk for sex offending for sexually abused children may warrant reevaluation.Among males, the cumulative hazard rate curves for abuse/ neglect overall (log-rank statistic = 8.735; df = 1; P = .003) and neglect (log-rank statistic = 8.650; df = 1; P = .003) differed from male control individuals. There was a nonsignificant trend for physically abused males (P = .06), but not for sexually abused males (P = .37). For females, there were no significant differences.

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Sex Offenders: Treatment of

Sorrentino¹

2009

Wiley Encyclopedia of Forensic Science

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The psychiatric treatment of sex offenders is distinct from other clinical populations. The efficacy of sex offender treatment is unknown. Although studies comparing treated and untreated sex offenders have been done, measurement of outcome is flawed. The methodological challenges inherent in the study of sex offender treatment, the treatability of sex offenders, biological and psychological modalities of treatment, and the legal and ethical issues surrounding the treatment, of sex offenders are reviewed in this article.

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Sexual Predators and Social Policy

Cited by 91 publications

References 99 publications

The Impact of Sex Offender Policies on Victims

The Impact of Sex Offender Policies on Victims

A Prospective Examination of Whether Childhood Sexual Abuse Predicts Subsequent Sexual Offending

Sex Offenders: Treatment of

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