Sexual Violence in Sport: Expanding Awareness and Knowledge for Sports Medicine Providers

Joy, Elizabeth A.; Herring, Stanley A.; Nelson, Colin; Cohen, Judith A.; Dugan, Sheila A.; Flatt, Rachael E.; Goldfarb, Lee; Greinig, Susan; Koontz, Jennifer Scott; Schmitz, Kathryn H.; Wagner, Jessica

doi:10.1249/jsr.0000000000000891

Cited by 13 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 47 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Recent articles explore technical challenges, such as cumbersome or unclear reporting systems, lack of education about the available reporting systems, and little knowledge among athletes and families about what constitutes sexual abuse. However, the causes of persistent technical inadequacies, when identified, were typically biases and/or COIs (8,9).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bias and Conflict of Interest in the Underreporting of Sexual Abuse in Competitive Sports: A Literature Review

Chandra,

Goldstein,

Peters

et al. 2024

Curr Sports Med Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The prevalence of sexual abuse in competitive sports is increasing worldwide and requires a united call to action. The underreporting of such abuses gained media attention resulting from recent high-profile cases. In this article, we report the results of a systematic literature review, identifying root causes of underreporting sexual abuse in competitive sports. We identify that biases and conflicts of interest work against effective reporting of abuse by athletes at the individual, organizational, and cultural levels. We offer conflict of interest and bias mitigation approaches from the social science, law, business, research, and diagnostic error literature that may apply. Competitive sports organizations may use this analysis to identify barriers and improve the effective reporting of sexual abuse.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bias and Conflict of Interest in the Underreporting of Sexual Abuse in Competitive Sports: A Literature Review

Chandra,

Goldstein,

Peters

et al. 2024

Curr Sports Med Rep

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…To overcome the problems of fear and courage in blowing the whistle, the staff participants were of the opinion that creating awareness of whistleblowing strategy will be an effective way of reporting sexual violence thereby reducing its incidence. Expanding knowledge and awareness of sexual violence have been documented to be associated with sexual violence prevention (Joy et al, 2021; Tredinnick, 2022) more so when such awareness is via formal programming (Quigg et al, 2021) and media advertisement (Frentzen et al, 2022). Awareness creation on sexual violence should be incorporated into school programs on a regular basis as this will not only promote whistleblowing activities but will also instill confidence in the students to blow the whistle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intention of Staff and Students to Use Internal Whistleblowing to Report Sexual Violence: A Case Study of a Nigerian University

Ogunfowokan

Titilayo

Samson‐Akpan

et al. 2023

J Interpers Violence

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sexual violence with its enormous negative consequences has become an epidemic most especially among the young populations. An effective danger-proof reporting system is necessary for curbing this menace including use of the internal whistleblowing mechanism. The study employed a concurrent (parallel) mixed method descriptive design for explaining the sexual violence experiences of university students, the intention of staff and students to blow the whistle, and their preferred whistleblowing strategies. A total of 167 students and 42 members of staff (69% males and 31% females, respectively) were randomly selected from four academic departments (50%) of a university of technology in Southwest Nigeria. An adapted questionnaire containing three vignettes on sexual violence and a focus group discussion guide were used for data collection. We discovered that 16.1% of the students reported to have experienced sexual harassment, 12.3% had attempted rape, and 2.6% had experienced rape. Tribe ( Likelihood-Ratio, LR = 11.16; p = .004) and sex (χ2 = 12.65; p = .001) were strongly associated with sexual violence experiences. Also, 50% staff and 47% students had high intention. Regression analysis showed that industrial and production engineering students will be 2.8 times more likely to have intention to internally blow the whistle more than other students ( p = .03; 95% CI [1.1, 6.97]). Female staff had 5.73 odds of intention more than male staff ( p = .05; [1.02, 32.1]). Also, we observed that senior staff will 31% less likely blow the whistle than the junior staff (Adjusted Odd Ratio, AOR = 0.04; [0.00, 0.98]; p = .05). In our qualitative findings, courage was mentioned as a factor necessary for blowing the whistle while anonymous reporting was emphasized for successful whistleblowing. However, the students preferred external whistleblowing. The study has implication for the establishment of sexual violence internal whistleblowing reporting system in higher education institutions.

show abstract

“…A recent review by Pringle and colleagues (2018) further indicates that the presence of trusted adults is associated with numerous positive outcomes among adolescents, including improved mental health and fewer risk behaviors (e.g., substance use). Sports medicine professionals can play an important role in this regard by adhering to SV prevention guidelines and providing services to athletes affected by SV ( Joy et al, 2021 ). In addition, programs designed to teach and promote individuals’ social-emotional learning skills and healthy sexuality, while also addressing the physical environments of schools and communities that make SV perpetration more likely, are important for preventing SV in adolescence ( Basile et al, 2016 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sports Participation, Social Networks, and Sexual Violence Perpetration

Nickodem

Basile

Espelage

et al. 2022

J Interpers Violence

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Adolescent sexual violence (SV), which includes non-contact verbal sexual harassment (SH) and forced sexual contact (FSC), is a significant public health problem with long-term impacts on health and well-being. Understanding how sports participation is linked to SV can inform prevention efforts; however, the current literature is unclear about the nature of this association. Using data from 20 high schools, we investigate whether athletes in certain sports are at higher risk of SH and FSC perpetration than either other athletes or sports non-participants, and whether the risk is moderated by gender, dismissiveness of SV, or substance use intentions. We also utilize social network data to explore the role of relationships with peers and trusted adults to attenuate SH and FSC perpetration. Second, we incorporate characteristics of friends to further examine the role and composition of peer groups in the association between sports participation and perpetration of SH and FSC. Findings revealed a bivariate association between sport contact level and SH perpetration, but not FSC, and the association disappeared after adjusting for other covariates. Most prominently, dismissiveness of SV, intentions to use substances, and prior perpetration had the strongest association with perpetration regardless of sport contact level. Results also provided some support for the influence of peers and trusted adults in the sports context. Notably, the percentage of friends who perpetrated FSC and the percentage of friends who play a low-contact sport were positively associated with FSC perpetration, and the percentage of friends who play a high-contact sport was positively associated with SH perpetration. The paper concludes with a discussion of the sports context as an important venue for comprehensive prevention efforts, including a focus on changing norms around adolescent SV and substance use.

show abstract

Sexual Violence in Sport: Expanding Awareness and Knowledge for Sports Medicine Providers

Cited by 13 publications

References 47 publications

Bias and Conflict of Interest in the Underreporting of Sexual Abuse in Competitive Sports: A Literature Review

Bias and Conflict of Interest in the Underreporting of Sexual Abuse in Competitive Sports: A Literature Review

Intention of Staff and Students to Use Internal Whistleblowing to Report Sexual Violence: A Case Study of a Nigerian University

Sports Participation, Social Networks, and Sexual Violence Perpetration

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About