Sexual violence, stalking, and intimate partner violence by sexual orientation, United States.

Chen, Jieru; Walters, Mikel L.; Gilbert, Leah; Patel, Nimesh

doi:10.1037/vio0000252

Cited by 159 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…In general, SV and IPPV were more common experiences for LGBTQ youth entering college, compared with non-LGBTQ youth-a similar finding to prior research in adults and adolescents (e.g., Bender and Lauritsen 2021;Chen et al 2020;Langenderfer-Magruder et al 2016;Martin-Storey 2015;Saewyc et al 2006). Results indicated that 57% of LGBTQ youth in the current sample experienced some form of SV, and 48% experienced IPPV, since the age of 14.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) people in the United States are at greater risk of experiencing sexual victimization (SV) and intimate partner physical violence (IPPV) than their heterosexual and cisgender peers (e.g., Bender and Lauritsen 2021;Chen et al 2020;Johnson et al 2016;Langenderfer-Magruder et al 2016;Martin-Storey 2015); such victimization experiences are associated with health-related consequences (Reuter et al 2017;Whitton et al 2019b). Although prevalence rates vary considerably across studies (Decker et al 2018;Edwards et al 2015;Peitzmeier et al 2020;Wirtz et al 2020), recent estimates suggest that *46% of lesbian women, 69% of bisexual women, 38% of gay men, and 39% of bisexual men are sexually victimized within their lifetime, whereas lifetime prevalence rates of IPPV are 40%, 50%, 30%, and 32%, respectively (Chen et al 2020). Additionally, 21% of gay/lesbian and 29% of bisexual/pansexual college students experience SV, whereas 60% of sexual minority college students experience IPPV while in college (Gillum 2017;Kammer-Kerwick et al 2019).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interpersonal Violence Victimization Among Youth Entering College: A Preliminary Analysis Examining the Differences Between LGBTQ and Non-LGBTQ Youth

Ray

Lanni

Parkhill

et al. 2021

Violence and Gender

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Evidence from the literature suggests that lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ) people are at greater risk of experiencing sexual victimization (SV) and intimate partner physical violence (IPPV) than their heterosexual and cisgender peers. Although there has been a plethora of recent research investigating the victimization experiences among LGBTQ adults, little research has examined victimization among LGBTQ youth. The current study consists of a preliminary analysis that compares the prevalence rates of SV and IPPV between LGBTQ and non-LGBTQ youth entering college. First-year students at a large Midwestern university were asked to complete an online questionnaire containing comprehensive measures of SV and IPPV. Results suggested that LGBTQ youth (n = 41) experienced higher rates of nearly every type of violent victimization when compared with their non-LGBTQ peers (n = 350). These results support previous research, which suggests LGBTQ people are at increased risk to be sexually and physically victimized. The results also extended the extant literature by utilizing a subsample of LGBTQ youth, among whom there is a particular dearth of research, relative to adults. This research is a step toward understanding the types of victimization experiences encountered by LGBTQ youth and provides descriptive details that may help to inform future research, school policy, and interventions aimed at improving the safety, health, and well-being of the LGBTQ community.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Interpersonal Violence Victimization Among Youth Entering College: A Preliminary Analysis Examining the Differences Between LGBTQ and Non-LGBTQ Youth

Ray

Lanni

Parkhill

et al. 2021

Violence and Gender

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This compares with 26% of gay men and 37% of bisexual men who have experienced IPV that covers a range of abusive experiences (Breiding et al, 2013). In a U.S. probability sample, gay and bisexual male participants reported higher rates of stalking than heterosexual men (recorded as 11.4% for gay men, 6.9% for bisexual men vs. 5.2% for heterosexual men; Chen et al, 2020). Across eight U.S. educational institutions, 53.1% of sexual minority students experienced unwanted pursuit, significantly higher than the heterosexual participants (36.0%; Edwards et al, 2015).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Stalking was also identified as a common component of IPV that is more prevalent in sexual minority relationships than in heterosexual relationships. Studies largely recruit heterosexual samples and seldom take stock of sexual minority populations (Chen et al, 2020; Langenderfer-Magruder et al, 2020; Sheridan et al, 2019; Strand & McEwan, 2011), resulting in a scarcity of empirical data in the stalking literature base to expand the issue to gay and bisexual men (Black et al, 2011; Pathé et al, 2000). While many IPV studies exclude experiences of stalking, one study that examined both phenomena indicated that 66.27% of gay men and 60.38% of bisexual men reported victimization of intimate stalking as a form of IPV ( N =136; Dickerson-Amaya & Coston, 2019).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Scoping Review of Intimate Partner Violence as It Relates to the Experiences of Gay and Bisexual Men

Callan

Corbally

McElvaney

2020

Trauma, Violence, & Abuse

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Intimate partner violence (IPV) is a global health issue that encroaches beyond parameters of age, gender, sexual orientation and is the subject of extensive scholarly inquiry. Research on IPV in heterosexual couples, in particular on heterosexual women, has been prolific. However, there is a dearth of literature to document the distinct experiences of gay and bisexual men, despite the evidence of prevalence of IPV as reported equal or higher to heterosexual women. Studies have found that one in four gay men and four in 10 bisexual men have experienced IPV in their lifetime. This scoping review examines studies between 1931 and 2019 that had a predominant focus on violence among gay and bisexual men. Four electronic databases were searched in 2019. Arksey and O’Malley’s framework was utilized to extract 28 studies using a range of research designs that represented 13,224 sexual minority male participants. Across studies, gay and bisexual men were observed to experience IPV similarly to heterosexual couples involving psychological, physical, and sexual violence. However, as a marginalized and sexual minority group, they experience distinctive features of violence including sexual orientation outing, unprotected sexual intercourse, homophobia, internalized homophobia, and difficulties accessing minority men–focused services. Minority stress theory is posited as a useful lens in understanding the above features. In keeping with previous scholarship, a paucity of knowledge on gay and bisexual men’s experience of IPV was observed, and additional research is recommended.

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“…This trend is ethically concerning in terms of making sexual minority individuals invisible within this body of research. Additionally, some research suggests that among sexual minority individuals, those who identify as bisexual (who could presumably be enrolled in studies of male violence against women) experience the highest rates of violence (Chen, Walters, Gilbert, & Patel, 2020 ) compared to individuals who are heterosexual, gay, or lesbian. Thus, we are unable to draw conclusions about the role of social support for a particularly vulnerable group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The association between social support and posttraumatic stress symptoms among survivors of betrayal trauma: a meta-analysis

Tirone

Orlowska

Lofgreen

et al. 2021

European Journal of Psychotraumatology

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Background: Betrayal traumas have a particularly deleterious effect on mental health. Although social support is a robust predictor of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity, it is not clear what factors may impact this relationship among betrayal trauma survivors. Objective: This study sought to describe the association between social support and PTSD symptom severity among survivors of betrayal trauma and examine whether methodological, sample, trauma, and social support characteristics moderated this association. Method: A comprehensive search identified 29 studies that assessed the cross-sectional association between PTSD symptom severity and social support among 6,510 adult betrayal trauma survivors. Results: The average effect size (r = −.25; 95% CI: −.30, −.20) was small to medium, with significant heterogeneity between studies (I 2 = 71.86). The association between PTSD and social support was stronger when the trauma was perpetrated by a romantic partner compared to mixed perpetrators, even after accounting for covariates. There was also a significant effect of support type depending on whether the support was provided in the context of trauma disclosure. Specifically, positive reactions to trauma disclosure were not associated with PTSD symptoms whereas general positive social support (not disclosure focused) was associated with fewer PTSD symptoms. Negative reactions to trauma disclosure were associated with more PTSD symptoms. None of the included studies measured general negative social support outside of trauma disclosure. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that social support may be a particularly important buffer against PTSD symptoms when experiencing traumatic betrayal by an intimate partner. Additionally, our results suggest that social support interventions for those experiencing betrayal trauma should focus on reducing negative responses to disclosure and bolstering general satisfaction with social support.La asociación entre el apoyo social y los síntomas de estrés postraumático entre los sobrevivientes de un trauma por traición: un metaanálisis Antecedentes: Los traumas de traición tienen un efecto particularmente perjudicial sobre la salud mental. Aunque el apoyo social es un fuerte predictor de la severidad de los síntomas del trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT), no está claro qué factores pueden afectar esta relación entre los sobrevivientes de traumas de traición. Objetivo: Este estudio buscó describir la asociación entre el apoyo social y la severidad de los síntomas del TEPT entre los sobrevivientes de trauma de traición y examinar si las características metodológicas, muestrales, de trauma y de apoyo social moderaron esta asociación. Método: Una búsqueda exhaustiva identificó 29 estudios que evaluaron la asociación transversal entre la gravedad de los síntomas de TEPT y el apoyo social entre 6.510 adultos sobrevivientes de trauma de traición. Resultados: El tamaño del efecto promedio (r = −.25; IC del 95%: −.30, −.20) fue de pequeño a mediano, con heterogeneidad sig...

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Sexual violence, stalking, and intimate partner violence by sexual orientation, United States.

Cited by 159 publications

References 40 publications

Interpersonal Violence Victimization Among Youth Entering College: A Preliminary Analysis Examining the Differences Between LGBTQ and Non-LGBTQ Youth

Interpersonal Violence Victimization Among Youth Entering College: A Preliminary Analysis Examining the Differences Between LGBTQ and Non-LGBTQ Youth

A Scoping Review of Intimate Partner Violence as It Relates to the Experiences of Gay and Bisexual Men

The association between social support and posttraumatic stress symptoms among survivors of betrayal trauma: a meta-analysis

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