Sexually dimorphic regulation of estrogen receptor α mRNA in the ventromedial hypothalamus of adult whiptail lizards is testosterone dependent

Crews, David; Gill, Cynthia J.; Wennstrom, Kira L.

doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2003.11.076

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…This is corroborated by our observation that 17b-estradiol and testosterone treatment reduces both binding and affinity of nuclear proteins to mERa promoter fragment. These findings also imply a mechanism for the regulation of ERa by 17b-estradiol and testosterone in different tissues (Clancy and Michael 1994;Crews et al 2004;Osterlund et al 1998;Sharma and Thakur 2006;Zhou et al 2000). The age-and sex-dependent differences in the binding and affinity of nuclear proteins from adult and old mice of both sexes after 17b-estradiol and testosterone treatment further suggest that the supplementation of gonadal sex steroids in old could not alter the effect of age and sex.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Binding of estrogen receptor α promoter to nuclear proteins of mouse cerebral cortex: effect of age, sex, and gonadal steroids

Thakur

Sharma

2008

Biogerontology

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Majority of estrogen actions in the brain are mediated by estrogen receptor (ER) alpha which in turn is regulated by several factors like circulating levels of gonadal steroid hormones 17beta-estradiol and testosterone, sex and age of the organism. The expression of ERalpha is regulated through interaction between cis-elements of its promoter and proteins present in the nuclei. Here, we have used electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) to analyze the effect of age, sex, 17beta-estradiol, and testosterone on the binding of ERalpha promoter (-91 to +46 bp) to nuclear proteins from the mouse cerebral cortex. EMSA revealed the formation of three specific complexes in all groups. However, the intensity of these complexes varied as a function of age, sex and treatment with 17beta-estradiol and testosterone. Nuclear proteins from the cerebral cortex of both sexes showed reduced binding with promoter fragment in old mice. Further, competition analysis indicated stronger binding in females than males of both ages. The extent of binding was reduced by 17beta-estradiol and testosterone treatment in both ages and sexes. Thus, these findings demonstrate differential binding of nuclear proteins to mouse ERalpha promoter which may account for different functions of estrogen in the brain.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 76%

Binding of estrogen receptor α promoter to nuclear proteins of mouse cerebral cortex: effect of age, sex, and gonadal steroids

Thakur

Sharma

2008

Biogerontology

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“…PPT, DPN, or estrogen protected microglia from LPS toxicity by preventing cell death via upregulated ER expression (Smith et al, 2011). The probable mechanism(s) underlying ER agonist treatment at the transcriptional level of gene expression include regulation of DNA methylation (Wan et al, 2015), turnover of the protein (Thakur and Sharma, 2007), changes in the protein half-life, Esr1 and Esr2 mRNA levels (Crews et al, 2004), and PDZK-1 protein expression (Stossi et al, 2004).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Estrogen receptor agonists induce anti‑edema effects by altering α and β estrogen receptor gene expression

Khaksari

Hajializadeh

Esmaeili‐Mahani

et al. 2022

Acta Neurobiol. Exp.

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The present study aimed to examine whether the attenuation of estrogen receptor expression is prevented by propyl pyrazole triol (PPT), an agonist for estrogen receptor α (ERα) or and diarypropiolnitrile (DPN), an agonist for estrogen receptor β (ERβ) after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The tests performed on ovariectomized female Wistar rats included sham group, vehicle group, and treated groups: PPT, DPN, and PPT+DPN 30 minutes after TBI. Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and brain water content were estimated. RT-PCR and western blotting were utilized to evaluate ESR1 and ESR2 gene and protein expression. The data indicated that PPT, DPN, and PPT+DPN attenuated TBI-induced brain edema. Also, BBB disruption after TBI was prevented in PPT, DPN, and PPT+DPN-treated TBI animals.Estrogen agonist-treated animals showed a significant elevation in Esr1 mRNA and protein expression levels in the brain tissue of TBI rats. In addition, the data indicated a significant elevation of Esr2 mRNA and protein expression levels in the brain tissue of estrogen agonist-treated TBI rats. The data shows that both ESR1 and ESR2 agonists can enhance ER mRNA and protein levels in TBI animals' brain. It appears that this effect contributes to the neuroprotective function of ER agonists.

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“…Levels were detectable in the POA and AMY, but substantially higher in the VMH. Adult expression of ER in these brain areas occurs in other lizard species, including whiptails (Young et al, '95;Crews et al, 2004) and leopard geckos (Rhen and Crews, 2001). Some evidence in whiptail lizards suggests that ER is also expressed at least in the VMH during development (Wennstrom et al, 2003).…”

Section: Era Mrna Expressionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphology and estrogen receptor α mRNA expression in the developing green anole forebrain

Beck

Wade

2008

J. Exp. Zool.

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Sex differences in forebrain morphology arise during development and are often linked to hormonal changes. These dimorphisms frequently occur in regions related to reproductive behaviors. Little is known about the normal ontogeny of reproductive nuclei in the green anole lizard, including whether steroid hormones influence their development. To address this issue, brain region volume, cell density, soma size, and estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) mRNA expression were characterized in the preoptic area (POA), ventromedial amygdala (AMY), and ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH) of late embryonic and early post-hatchling anoles. In adulthood, the POA and AMY are associated with male-specific reproductive behaviors and the VMH is implicated in female receptivity. Although soma size decreased in all brain regions with age, brain region volume diminished only in the POA, with a transient sex difference appearing before hatching. Cell density increased with age only in the female AMY. ERalpha mRNA expression was up to four times greater in the developing VMH than POA and AMY, peaking in the VMH around the day of hatching. These results are consistent with the idea that estradiol may influence differentiation of the VMH in particular. However, other factors are likely important to the development of these three brain regions, some of which exert their effects at later developmental stages.

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Sexually dimorphic regulation of estrogen receptor α mRNA in the ventromedial hypothalamus of adult whiptail lizards is testosterone dependent

Cited by 11 publications

References 47 publications

Binding of estrogen receptor α promoter to nuclear proteins of mouse cerebral cortex: effect of age, sex, and gonadal steroids

Binding of estrogen receptor α promoter to nuclear proteins of mouse cerebral cortex: effect of age, sex, and gonadal steroids

Estrogen receptor agonists induce anti‑edema effects by altering α and β estrogen receptor gene expression

Morphology and estrogen receptor α mRNA expression in the developing green anole forebrain

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