Sexually transmitted acute infection with a clustered genotype 4 hepatitis C virus in HIV-1-infected men and inefficacy of early antiviral therapy

Serpaggi, Jeanne; Chaix, Marie‐Laure; Batisse, Dominique; Dupont, Caroline; Vallet-Pichard, Anaı̈s; Fontaine, Hélène; Viard, Jean‐Paul; Piketty, Christophe; Rouveix, É.; Rouzioux, Christine; Weiss, Laurence; Pol, Stanislas

doi:10.1097/01.aids.0000200541.40633.56

Cited by 120 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…Molecular typing of HCV isolates confirmed the presence of MSM-specific transmission networks in London [25], Paris [26] and Amsterdam [27]. A collaborative phylogenetic study revealed that these locally reported outbreaks were in fact part of one larger interconnected European transmission network [22].…”

Section: As Well As In the Unitedmentioning

confidence: 76%

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Viral hepatitis among men who have sex with men, epidemiology and public health consequences

et al. 2009

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Viral hepatitis causes major disease burden worldwide, due to the chronic hepatitis sequelae: cirrhosis and primary liver cancer. Transmission of viral hepatitis is a problem not only in low-income countries, but also in high-income ones where viral hepatitis is a frequently occurring infection among men who have sex with men (MSM). Although the transmission routes of the three main hepatitis viruses, A, B and C, differ, MSM mainly acquire viral hepatitis during sexual contact. Vaccination programmes (only available for hepatitis A and B), raising awareness, and screening can be used to prevent transmission. However, despite the introduction of such methods in many high-income countries, the spread of viral hepatitis among MSM is still ongoing. This paper provides an overview of sexually acquired hepatitis A, B, and C among MSM in high-income countries, using recent insights obtained through molecular epidemiology, with the aim to raise awareness, improve vaccination coverage, and stimulate prevention programs.

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Section: As Well As In the Unitedmentioning

confidence: 76%

“…However, recent outbreaks of acute HCV among HIV-positive MSM who deny IDU suggest that the epidemiology of HCV transmission is changing in this population. In several European countries [25][26][27] …”

Section: Hepatitis Bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viral hepatitis among men who have sex with men, epidemiology and public health consequences

et al. 2009

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“…No patient achieved SVR. 132 Finally, 9 acute HCV infections were identified in HIV-infected patients in California. 31 Only 4 were treated with pegylated interferon and RBV; 3 achieved SVR.…”

Section: Treatment Of Acute Hcv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute hepatitis C virus infection: A chronic problem

et al. 2008

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S ince the discovery of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) in the late 1980s, there has been an explosion of information regarding its natural history, treatment, and replication cycle. Nonetheless, there are still relatively few data regarding acute HCV infection. By convention, the term acute hepatitis refers to the presence of clinical signs or symptoms of hepatitis for a period of 6 months or fewer after the presumed time of HCV exposure. Early studies of posttransfusion patients who developed non-A, non-B hepatitis provide a clinical picture of early infection. 1 Following the availability of specific serologic and virologic tests, most such patients were shown to have acute HCV infection. After acute infection, HCV RNA may become detectable in the serum/plasma in as little as 2 weeks ( Fig. 1). Several weeks later, a high percentage of patients experience an increase in serum aminotransferase levels consistent with the development of acute hepatocellular injury. In the majority of cases, patients develop mild constitutional symptoms, including abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, anorexia, and fatigue. During this acute infection, serum aminotransferases often peak below 1000 IU/mL and may return to normal levels. A minority develops sufficient elevations in bilirubin to lead to overt jaundice or the development of dark urine. Unless the clinical suspicion is high, few patients will be tested for HCV RNA or HCV antibody seroconversion. However, in the majority-but not all-of infected patients, HCV RNA persists, and a chronic disease state develops.The reasons for the general lack of data regarding acute HCV infection are multifactorial and include (1) the relatively high percentage of asymptomatic or unrecognized early infections, (2) the lack of large-scale identification of chronic carriers in the general population who serve as a reservoir for infection, and (3) the decreased number of acute infections that occur in controlled clinical settings such as that of blood transfusions. These factors and the lack of nonprimate animal models necessitate reliance on retrospective studies in chronic carriers, the use of limited historical collections of banked sera, and the extrapolation of outcomes based on small disease outbreaks in unique settings (for example, transmission from a physician to a patient in the operating room setting or following parenteral exposure in healthcare workers). Moreover, there exist only a limited number of population cohorts that continue to experience high rates of HCV transmission (for example, Egypt); nonetheless, there is a growing body of information regarding the clinical presentation, natural history, and treatment outcomes of acute HCV infection.In this article, we review the current information regarding our understanding of the epidemiology, virology, and immunology of HCV with a particular emphasis on acute HCV infection. In addition, we review recent data related to interferon-based treatment intervention and propose an algorithm for the diagnosis and management of acute HCV inf...

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“…16 Several outbreaks of acute HCV have also been reported across Europe among HIVpositive men who have sex with men; these individuals are associated with high-risk sexual practices. [17][18][19] It is unclear whether HCV infections influence the progression of HIV, but current data clearly suggest that HIV infections influence the development of HCVrelated liver disease. Among patients with decompensated cirrhosis, HIV/HCV-coinfected patients experience more rapid fibrosis progression and have poorer survival rates in comparison with HCV-monoinfected patients; their median estimated survival time is only 13 months.…”

Section: Viral Etiologiesmentioning

confidence: 99%