Sexually transmitted hepatitis C infection

Bradshaw, Daniel; Matthews, Gail V.; Danta, Mark

doi:10.1097/qco.0b013e32835c2120

Cited by 103 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…Infections in HIV-infected individuals were predominately due to genotype 1a viruses and found only in males possibly reflecting un-reported sex between men. In addition to drug use, the observation of transmission in known HIV positives is not surprising with recent studies from high income countries have demonstrated a high incidence of recent HCV infections in HIV-infected MSMs [8,18,23,[25][26][27][29][30][31][33][34][35][36]. Recent PHE data demonstrated a 21% increase in new HIV infections amongst MSMs in London since 2011 [20].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Molecular epidemiology of newly acquired hepatitis C infections in England 2008–2011: Genotype, phylogeny and mutation analysis

May

Ngui

Collins

et al. 2015

Journal of Clinical Virology

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Molecular epidemiology of newly acquired hepatitis C infections in England 2008–2011: Genotype, phylogeny and mutation analysis

May

Ngui

Collins

et al. 2015

Journal of Clinical Virology

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“…Permucosal (particularly sexual) transmission is the predominant route of HCV acquisition among MSM, especially in HIV-infected individuals [53,83]. Use of mucosally administered recreational drugs (e.g., methamphetamines, ketamine, gammahydroxybutyrate, lysergic acid diethylamide) [62,[84][85][86][87] and high-risk traumatic sex practices, particularly unprotected anal intercourse, enema use prior to receptive anal intercourse, rectal trauma with bleeding, fisting, and group sex [58,68,72,84,85,87,88], have been identified as important behavioural risk factors for HCV transmission among MSM.…”

Section: Risk Factors For Hcv Acquisitionmentioning

confidence: 99%

HCV epidemiology in high-risk groups and the risk of reinfection

Midgard

Weir

Palmateer

et al. 2016

Journal of Hepatology

158

100

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Injecting risk behaviours among people who inject drugs (PWID) and high-risk sexual practices among men who have sex with men (MSM) are important routes of hepatitis C virus (HCV) transmission. Current direct-acting antiviral treatment offers unique opportunities for reductions in HCV-related liver disease burden and epidemic control in high-risk groups, but these prospects could be counteracted by HCV reinfection due to on-going risk behaviours after successful treatment. Based on existing data from small and heterogeneous studies of interferon-based treatment, the incidence of reinfection after sustained virological response range from 2-6/100 person years among PWID to 10-15/100 person years among human immunodeficiency virus-infected MSM. These differences mainly reflect heterogeneity in study populations with regards to risk behaviours, but also reflect variations in study designs and applied virological methods. Increasing levels of reinfection are to be expected as we enter the interferon-free treatment era. Individual- and population-level efforts to address and prevent reinfection should therefore be undertaken when providing HCV care for people with on-going risk behaviour. Constructive strategies include acknowledgement, education and counselling, harm reduction optimization, scaled-up treatment including treatment of injecting networks, post-treatment screening, and rapid retreatment of reinfections.

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“…These data indicate that the sexual route is indeed an important route of transmission for HCV, a fact corroborated by other authors in Brazil and the United States. 6,15 Some studies, such as those by Vandelli et al, Bradshaw et al and Witt et al,[36][37][38] also reported the importance of this route. This fact has been the subject of discussion in the literature, with studies indicating the importance of this route mainly among men who have sex with men that do not use drugs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seroprevalence of HCV markers among HIV infected patients from Curitiba and metropolitan region

Tizzot

Grisbach²,

Beltrame

et al. 2016

Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras.

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Results: a total of 12.9% of HIV+ patients were positive for anti-HCV antibodies, 64.1% were men and 35.9% women, with mean age of 44.5 years (24-66). The frequency of HCV among men was 16.7% and among women 9.1% (p=0.06). HCV prevalence was associated to HIV infection when compared to the general population (p<10 -6 , OR=100.4; 95CI=13.7-734.9). The parenteral route of transmission was the most frequent among coinfected patients (46.1%), and the sexual transmission among HIV+/HCV-(71.8%) (p=0.02, OR=0.2; 95CI=0.1-0.7). The frequency of intravenous drug users was higher among the coinfected patients (61.5%) compared to the non coinfected (12.6%) (p<10 -6 , OR=11.1; 95CI=4.5-27.7). Conclusion: the prevalence of coinfection with HCV in HIV+ patients is 12.9%, 88 times higher than in the general population in Curitiba. The most frequent route of transmission in the coinfected patients is parenteral, but the sexual route is also representative (34.6%).

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Sexually transmitted hepatitis C infection

Abstract: An improved understanding of HCV epidemiology will allow implementation of more effective public health interventions to limit onward transmission of HCV.

Cited by 103 publications

References 70 publications

Molecular epidemiology of newly acquired hepatitis C infections in England 2008–2011: Genotype, phylogeny and mutation analysis

Molecular epidemiology of newly acquired hepatitis C infections in England 2008–2011: Genotype, phylogeny and mutation analysis

HCV epidemiology in high-risk groups and the risk of reinfection

Seroprevalence of HCV markers among HIV infected patients from Curitiba and metropolitan region

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