Shades of Discrimination: Skin Tone and Wages

Goldsmith, Arthur H.; Hamilton, Darrick; Darity, William A.

doi:10.1257/000282806777212152

Cited by 174 publications

(97 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In addition, while continuous measures of skin tone (e.g. 1-very dark, 2-dark, 3-medium, 4-light, and 5-very light) are common in previous research (see, for example, Gullickson, 2005; Thompson and Keith, 2001;Keith and Herring, 1991;and Hughes and Hertel, 1990), they would not register the non-linearities shown in Table 2 (see also Hersch, 2006 andGoldsmith, Hamilton, andDarity, 2006). Table 3 shows the results using a continuous rather than categorical measure of skin tone.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

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Am I still too Black for you?: Schooling and secular change in skin tone effects

Loury

2009

Economics of Education Review

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Medium brown individuals averaged as much as one-half year less schooling. Goldsmith, Hamilton, and Darity (2006) found that medium and dark skin black men earned 10 percent less than whites with the same schooling, age, disability status, job tenure, parents' schooling and job characteristics.…”

Section: B Empirical Evidence About Changementioning

confidence: 96%

Am I still too Black for you?: Schooling and secular change in skin tone effects

Loury

2009

Economics of Education Review

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“…We think this reduced intensity of focus is due to Hispanics' lighter skin-tone, which elevates them to a more socially acceptable position in society, making their experiences not as bad as that of blacks but not as good as that of whites. Supporting this account is a growing line of research on colorism, which suggests that skin-tone is an incredibly important criterion of social acceptance and a strong indicator of how individuals are treated in all manner of economic (Goldsmith et al 2006), socio-legal (Portes and Rumbaut 2001), and political processes (Eberhardt et al 2006;Terkildsen 1993). Additional work on Latino/a populations indicate that skin tone affects attitudes regarding commonality with Whites (Wilkinson and Earle 2013) as well as self-esteem and self-identity (Hunter 2013).…”

Section: Racial Gradient Thesismentioning

confidence: 98%

Media Exposure and Racialized Perceptions of Inequities in Criminal Justice

Wright

Unah

2017

Social Sciences

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Does media exposure to salient criminological events exacerbate racialized perceptions of injustice? We examine whether closely following media coverage of the fatal encounter of George Zimmerman's shooting of Trayvon Martin moderates racial and ethnic differences in opinion surrounding the event and the U.S. criminal justice system. Our analysis addresses several key aspects of the case: Whether Zimmerman would have been arrested sooner if Martin had been white, whether respondents felt Zimmerman's acquittal was justified, and whether there is racial bias against African Americans in the criminal justice system. Relying on national opinion surveys before and after Zimmerman's trial verdict, our findings support the racial gradient thesis by demonstrating that sustained exposure to racialized framing of the incident in the media affects Hispanics the most and hardens entrenched attitudes among African Americans relative to whites. The analysis supports the continuing relevance of the mass media in attitude formation.

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“…Elsewhere, Dustmann and Preston, (2007) find that racial concerns are an important pathway through which public opinion towards immigration policies are formed. Prejudice and subsequent discriminatory practices have also been linked to residential segregation (Charles, 2000 andBobo, 1996), poor health (Johnston andLordan, 2012 andLauderale, 2006) and worse labour market outcomes Guryan, 2008 andGoldsmith et al, 2006). Therefore, shifts in racial prejudice during recessionary periods could worsen already existing racial inequalities in a number of domains.…”

Section: Racial Prejudice and Discriminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Racial prejudice and labour market penalties during economic downturns

Johnston

Lordan

2016

European Economic Review

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Do economic downturns encourage racist attitudes? Does this in-turn lead to worse labour market outcomes for minorities? We assess these important questions using British attitude and labour force data. The attitude data show that racial prejudice is countercyclical, with the effect driven by large increases for high-skilled middle-aged working men -a 1%-point increase in unemployment is estimated to increase self-reported racial prejudice by 4%-points. Correspondingly, the labour force data show that racial employment and wage gaps are counter-cyclical, with the largest effects also observed for high-skilled men, especially in the manufacturing and construction industries -a 1%-point increase in unemployment is estimated to increase the wage gap by 3%. These results are entirely consistent with the theoretical literature, which proposes that racial prejudice and discrimination are the result of labour market competition among individuals with similar traits, and that the effects of this competition are exacerbated during periods of economic downturn.

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Shades of Discrimination: Skin Tone and Wages

Cited by 174 publications

References 5 publications

Am I still too Black for you?: Schooling and secular change in skin tone effects

Am I still too Black for you?: Schooling and secular change in skin tone effects

Media Exposure and Racialized Perceptions of Inequities in Criminal Justice

Racial prejudice and labour market penalties during economic downturns

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