Shades of green and<scp>REDD</scp>: Local and global contestations over the value of forest versus plantation development on the Indonesian forest frontier

Eilenberg, Michael

doi:10.1111/apv.12084

Cited by 62 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This same problem can be exacerbated when future benefits tied to community forestry practices (such as PES or REDD+) come into play. Studies from West Kalimantan, suggests that the implementation of government development projects or REDD+ without intimate knowledge of the political landscape of resource struggle can easily lead to benefits appropriated by local elites (Kallio et al, 2016;Eilenberg, 2015) Policy documents often imply that local communities are weak and incapable of managing forest sustainably without prescriptive rules. Yet proponents of SF often mention the weakness of the state and the inability of government institutions to manage the forest.…”

Section: Sf As a New Mode Of Governance?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Forestry - why and for whom? A comparison of policies in Vietnam and Indonesia

Moeliono¹,

Pham²,

Bong

et al. 2017

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Abstract:Community forestry or social forestry (henceforth referred collectively as SF) programs have become new modes of forest management empowering local managers and hence, allowing integration of diverse local practices and support of local livelihoods. Implementation of these initiatives, however, face multiple challenges. State-prescribed community programs, for example, will remain isolated efforts if changes in the overall economic and social governance frameworks, including the devolution of rights to local users is lacking. Financial sustainability of these measures remains often uncertain and equity issues inherent to groups and communities formed for SF, can be exacerbated. In this article, we pose the question: Whose interests do SF policies serve? The effectiveness of SF would depend on the motivations and aims for a decentralization of forest governance to the community. In order to understand the underlying motivations behind the governments' push for SF, we examine national policies in Vietnam and Indonesia, changes in their policies over time and the shift in discourses influencing how SF has evolved. Vietnam and Indonesia are at different sides of the spectrum in democratic ambitions and forest abundance, and present an intriguing comparison in the recent regional push towards SF in Southeast Asia. We discuss the different interpretations of SF in these two countries and how SF programs are implemented. Our results show that governments, influenced by global discourse, are attempting to regulate SF through formal definitions and regulations. Communities on the other hand, might resist by adopting, adapting or rejecting formal schemes. In this tension, SF, adopted to serve the interest of local people, in practice has not fulfilled its promise.

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Section: Sf As a New Mode Of Governance?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Forestry - why and for whom? A comparison of policies in Vietnam and Indonesia

Moeliono¹,

Pham²,

Bong

et al. 2017

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“…Given the obvious unresolved conflicts in Indonesia's forest sector, the risk then is that REDD+ in practice will simply reproduce existing struggles and inequalities between communities, companies, and the state, or indeed exacerbate them, as recent observations of Kalimantan suggest (Eilenberg 2015). For this reason, questions about REDD+ policy formulation have rightly focused on its transformative potential (Gallemore et al 2014, Moeliono et al 2014.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…climatefundsupdate.org/). Given the potential influence of REDD+, concerns have been expressed about its effects on forests, governance conditions, and local communities (Phelps et al 2010, Eilenberg 2015. Furthermore, empirical work on early REDD+ projects suggests that there are implementation challenges and ambiguous local outcomes (e.g., Beymer-Farris and Bassett 2012, Howell 2015, Mahanty et al 2015.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, several years on, the Norwegian money remains underspent, and the effectiveness of Indonesia's logging ban is in question (Coates 2012, Lang 2013. These frustrations derive particularly from Indonesia's political context, which points to a critical need to "build domestic constituencies" in support of forest reform (Luttrell et al 2014) and to acknowledge how power relations influence policy implementation (Eilenberg 2015). Our analysis of subnational discourses around REDD+ should contribute to this task, particularly from a methodological point of view.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How is global climate policy interpreted on the ground? Insights from the analysis of local discourses about forest management and REDD+ in Indonesia

Milne¹,

Milne²,

Nurfatriani³

et al. 2016

E&S

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ABSTRACT. The implementation of "reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation" (REDD+) will inevitably be affected by local social and political dynamics, with the potential for success depending significantly on cooperation from a range of stakeholders at the subnational level. Building on recent critical research on REDD+, we look at how global policy is interpreted locally by actors who are likely to be involved in REDD+ implementation. We do this by examining local stakeholder perceptions of REDD+ and forest management in two contrasting provinces of Indonesia, Riau and Papua, where deforestation rates are high and low, respectively. Using data collected from stakeholder workshops, we conduct a discourse analysis that reveals how subnational actors perceive and position themselves around REDD+ and forest governance. The results reveal six discourses common to both case-study provinces, which variously conflict and converge as they are employed by different actors. Seen together, these discourses provide critical insights into the subnational policy environment, which is largely a product of Indonesia's underlying land and forest politics, and they indicate in turn how REDD+ in practice is likely to be interpreted and reconstituted at the local level. A key finding is that local discourses can be grouped around two divergent positions on REDD+: one that supports forest exploitation and sees limited prospects in forest carbon, and one that embraces sustainable forest management and expresses conditional support for REDD+ subject to benefit-sharing and property arrangements. REDD+ practitioners will therefore need to craft policies and project processes that account for these discursive dynamics.

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“…While implementing REDD+ demonstration at the local level, previous studies raised land and forest tenures as one of the key challenges (McCarthy, 2004;Eilenberg, 2015;Saito-Jensen et al, 2015). The legal basis of the state control over forest areas in Indonesia has been based on the New Forestry Law (NFL) of 1999.…”

Section: Challenges In Redd+ Implementationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploring Potential of REDD+ Readiness with Social Safeguard through Diverse Forest Use Practices in Gunung Palung National Park in West Kalimantan, Indonesia

Yoshikura¹,

Amano²,

Anshari³

2018

OJF

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Implementation is expected to be a measure for sustainable forest management by providing benefit for forest users based on their efforts. Without careful attention for the social safeguard, the mechanism of reducing greenhouse gas emissions from deforestation and forest degradation with forest management (REDD+) might cause negative impact such as depriving of customary forest use rights under unclear tenure and forest use rights typical in Indonesia. This study aimed to explore how REDD+ Safeguard can be applied in readiness activities by analyzing practical forest use situations in a conservation forest, the Gunung Palung National Park as study site. From the results of the questionnaire survey and interviews, characteristics of forest users were identified and compared. The households, mostly Malays, practicing traditional durian collection, were recognized as main forest users depending on on-farm income especially from non-timber forest product (NTFP). Since the income structure is relatively low and unstable, some of them practice farming in forest area or sell their forest use rights to other households. They are inclined to be lack in legal farm land and certain forest use rights. Based on the findings, consideration for diverse forest users and potential readiness activities were discussed and proposed. For achieving REDD+ implementation with sustainable forest management and social safeguard, it will be necessary to respect for customary rights and take comprehensive measures as readiness efforts.

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Shades of green andREDD: Local and global contestations over the value of forest versus plantation development on the Indonesian forest frontier

Cited by 62 publications

References 34 publications

Social Forestry - why and for whom? A comparison of policies in Vietnam and Indonesia

Social Forestry - why and for whom? A comparison of policies in Vietnam and Indonesia

How is global climate policy interpreted on the ground? Insights from the analysis of local discourses about forest management and REDD+ in Indonesia

Exploring Potential of REDD+ Readiness with Social Safeguard through Diverse Forest Use Practices in Gunung Palung National Park in West Kalimantan, Indonesia

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