Shadow: A Lightweight Block Cipher for IoT Nodes

Guo, Ying; Li, Lang; Liu, Botao

doi:10.1109/jiot.2021.3064203

Cited by 46 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Representative lightweight block ciphers include ULC [13], PRESENT [14], GIFT [15], Midori [16], Piccolo [17], and RECTANGLE [18]. The nonlinear components in the second category are mainly modular addition operations (⊞), AND operations (&), etc., such as HIGHT [19], SIMON and SPECK [20], Simeck [21], CHAM [22], Shadow [23], and SAND [24].…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

IIoTBC: A Lightweight Block Cipher for Industrial IoT Security

2023

KSII TIIS

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The number of industrial Internet of Things (IoT) users is increasing rapidly. Lightweight block ciphers have started to be used to protect the privacy of users. Hardware-oriented security design should fully consider the use of fewer hardware devices when the function is fully realized. Thus, this paper designs a lightweight block cipher IIoTBC for industrial IoT security. IIoTBC system structure is variable and flexibly adapts to nodes with different security requirements. This paper proposes a 4×4 S-box that achieves a good balance between area overhead and cryptographic properties. In addition, this paper proposes a preprocessing method for 4×4 S-box logic gate expressions, which makes it easier to obtain better area, running time, and power data in ASIC implementation. Applying it to 14 classic lightweight block cipher S-boxes, the results show that is feasible. A series of performance tests and security evaluations were performed on the IIoTBC. As shown by experiments and data comparisons, IIoTBC is compact and secure in industrial IoT sensor nodes. Finally, IIoTBC has been implemented on a temperature state acquisition platform to simulate encrypted transmission of temperature in an industrial environment.

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Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

IIoTBC: A Lightweight Block Cipher for Industrial IoT Security

2023

KSII TIIS

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“…The cryptographic algorithm based on ARX realizes the nonlinearity, ambiguity, and diffusion of the algorithm through the combination of Addition, Rotation, and XOR. According to the report of FelICS [23], the block cipher implementation of ARX is superior to other S-box-based ciphers, and some ARX algorithms specially designed for IoT nodes have emerged [24][25][26][27].…”

Section: Status Quo Of Arx Lightweight Algorithms In Iot Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Anti-Physical Attack Scheme of ARX Lightweight Algorithms for IoT Applications

Zhi¹,

Xiang²,

Hang-ying³

et al. 2023

Computer Systems Science and Engineering

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The lightweight encryption algorithm based on Add-Rotation-XOR (ARX) operation has attracted much attention due to its high software affinity and fast operation speed. However, lacking an effective defense scheme for physical attacks limits the applications of the ARX algorithm. The critical challenge is how to weaken the direct dependence between the physical information and the secret key of the algorithm at a low cost. This study attempts to explore how to improve its physical security in practical application scenarios by analyzing the masking countermeasures of ARX algorithms and the leakage causes. Firstly, we specify a hierarchical security framework by quantitatively evaluating the indicators based on side-channel attacks. Then, optimize the masking algorithm to achieve a trade-off balance by leveraging the software-based local masking strategies and non-full-round masking strategies. Finally, refactor the assembly instruction to improve the leaks by exploring the leakage cause at assembly instruction. To illustrate the feasibility of the proposed scheme, we further conducted a case study by designing a software-based masking method for Chaskey. The experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively weaken the impact of physical attacks.

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“…In [20], another block cipher based on Feistel network is proposed, which uses a 64-bit key size and an effective key update mechanism to ensure a medium-level security. In [21], another system combines generalized Feistel structure (GFS) with "AND", "Rotation", and "XOR" (ARX) operations. In [22], a hybrid encryption scheme with a 128-bit key is proposed, which encrypts and decrypts the data collected by the fog node.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chaos-Based Cryptographic Mechanism for Smart Healthcare IoT Systems

Ghazal¹,

Abbas²,

Munir³

et al. 2022

Computers, Materials &Amp; Continua

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Smart and interconnected devices can generate meaningful patient data and exchange it automatically without any human intervention in order to realize the Internet of Things (IoT) in healthcare (HIoT). Due to more and more online security and data hijacking attacks, the confidentiality, integrity and availability of data are considered serious issues in HIoT applications. In this regard, lightweight block ciphers (LBCs) are promising in resourceconstrained environment where security is the primary consideration. The prevalent challenge while designing an LBC for the HIoT environment is how to ascertain platform performance, cost, and security. Most of the existing LBCs primarily focus on text data or grayscale images. The main focus of this paper is about securing color images in a cost-effective way. We emphasis high confidentiality of color images captured by cameras in resource-constrained smartphones, and high confidentiality of sensitive images transmitted by low-power sensors in IoT systems. In order to reduce computational complexity and simulation time, the proposed Lightweight Symmetric Block Cipher (LSBC) exploits chaos-based confusion-diffusion operations at the inter-block level using a single round. The strength of LSBC is assessed by cryptanalysis, while it is ranked by comparing it to other privacy-preserving schemes. Our results show that the proposed cipher produces promising results in terms of key sensitivity and differential attacks, which proves that our LSBC is a good candidate for image security in HIoT.

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Shadow: A Lightweight Block Cipher for IoT Nodes

Cited by 46 publications

References 24 publications

IIoTBC: A Lightweight Block Cipher for Industrial IoT Security

IIoTBC: A Lightweight Block Cipher for Industrial IoT Security

An Anti-Physical Attack Scheme of ARX Lightweight Algorithms for IoT Applications

Chaos-Based Cryptographic Mechanism for Smart Healthcare IoT Systems

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