Shadow Fading Spatial Correlation Analysis for Aerial Vehicles: Ray Tracing vs. Measurements

Lopez, Melisa; Sørensen, Troels B.; Mogensen, Preben; Wigard, Jeroen; Kovács, István Z.

doi:10.1109/vtcfall.2019.8891526

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Regarding A2G channel measurements, the authors of [179], [181] derive a model with pathloss exponent and shadow fading in urban scenarios for the altitudes up to 40 m. The results show that the paths between the UAV and the BSs become more clear as the altitude of the UAV increases and the shadow fading is uncorrelated to the altitude. They further extend these studies by evaluating the feasibility of ray tracing models to predict the variations in the shadow fading [180]. By comparing the ray tracing model with the field measurements, they conclude a well match between the shadowing predictions of the model and the actual measurements.…”

Section: A Direct Air-to-ground Communicationmentioning

confidence: 82%

A Survey of Wireless Networks for Future Aerial COMmunications (FACOM)

Baltaci,

Dinc,

Ozger

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Electrification turned over a new leaf in aviation by introducing new types of aerial vehicles along with new means of transportation. Addressing a plethora of use cases, drones are gaining attention in the industry and increasingly appear in the sky. Emerging concepts of flying taxi enable passengers to be transported over several tens of kilometers. Therefore, unmanned traffic management systems are under development to cope with the complexity of future airspace, thereby resulting in unprecedented communication needs. Moreover, the long-term increase in the number of commercial airplanes pushes the limits of voice-oriented communications, and future options such as single-pilot operations demand robust connectivity. In this survey, we provide a comprehensive review and vision for enabling the connectivity applications of aerial vehicles utilizing current and future communication technologies. We begin by categorizing the connectivity use cases per aerial vehicle and analyzing their connectivity requirements. By reviewing more than 500 related studies, we aim for a comprehensive approach to cover wireless communication technologies, and provide an overview of recent findings from the literature toward the possibilities and challenges of employing the wireless communication standards. After analyzing the proposed network architectures, we list the open-source testbed platforms to facilitate future investigations by researchers. This study helped us observe that while numerous works focused on cellular technologies to enable connectivity for aerial platforms, a single wireless technology is not sufficient to meet the stringent connectivity demands of the aerial use cases, especially for the piloting operations. We identified the need of further investigations on multi-technology heterogeneous network architectures to enable robust and real-time connectivity in the sky. Future works should consider suitable technology combinations to develop unified aerial networks that can meet the diverse quality of service demands of the aerial use cases.

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Section: A Direct Air-to-ground Communicationmentioning

confidence: 82%

A Survey of Wireless Networks for Future Aerial COMmunications (FACOM)

Baltaci,

Dinc,

Ozger

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Among the recent studies, several of them addressed rural or open-field propagation [4], [5] and propagation in university campuses and sub-urban areas [6]- [9]. Only a few studies have addressed A2G propagation in actual urban areas, probably due to the inherent difficulties in getting authorizations to fly on densely populated zones and/or close them to public during measurements [10]- [12]. In such studies, the analysis is mainly focused on largescale parameters such as path-loss, fading statistics and spatial correlations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Characterization of Air-to-ground Propagation at mm-Wave Frequencies in Dense Urban Environment

Vitucci,

Semkin,

Arpaio

et al. 2021

Preprint

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In the present study, a measurement setup utilizing mm-wave transceivers with steerable directive antennas, mounted on both a customized UAV and a ground station has been used to study Air-to-Ground (A2G) radio links and, more generally, full-3D mm-wave propagation in urban environment. We evaluate the double-directional characteristics of the channel by rotating the antennas, deriving Power-Angle Profiles at both link ends. Preliminary results provide useful understanding of A2G propagation, e.g. the influence of the antenna tilt angles, or the mechanisms allowing for the signal to propagate from street canyons to the air.

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“…However, rural or open-field propagation [7], [8] and propagation in university campuses and suburban areas [9]- [12] have been primarily addressed in many cases. Only a few studies have targeted A2G propagation in actual urban areas, probably due to the inherent difficulties in getting authorizations to fly on densely populated zones and/or close them to the public during measurements [13]- [17]. In some cases, the investigation has been limited to air-to-base-station propagation [9], [16], [17], which is an interesting but less challenging scenario, compared to communications from the UAV to users at street level.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only a few studies have targeted A2G propagation in actual urban areas, probably due to the inherent difficulties in getting authorizations to fly on densely populated zones and/or close them to the public during measurements [13]- [17]. In some cases, the investigation has been limited to air-to-base-station propagation [9], [16], [17], which is an interesting but less challenging scenario, compared to communications from the UAV to users at street level. Moreover, in such studies, the analysis is mainly focused on large-scale parameters, such as path-loss, fading statistics, and spatial correlations, and is often limited to UHF or submillimeter-wave frequencies.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

An UAV-Based Experimental Setup for Propagation Characterization in Urban Environment

Fuschini

Barbiroli

Vitucci

et al. 2021

IEEE Trans. Instrum. Meas.

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A measurement setup, including millimeter-wave and ultrawideband transceivers mounted on both a customized unmanned aerial vehicle and a ground station and a measurement procedure for full 3-D wireless propagation analysis, is described in this work. The custom-made developed system represents a flexible solution for the characterization of wireless channels and especially of urban propagation, as the drone might be easily located almost anywhere from ground level to the buildings' rooftop and beyond. The double-directional properties of the channel can be achieved by rotating directive antennas at the link ends. Other possible applications in urban contexts include the study of outdoor-to-indoor penetration, line-of-sight to nonline-of-sight transition, 3-D scattering from buildings, and airto-ground channel characterization for drone-assisted wireless communications.

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Shadow Fading Spatial Correlation Analysis for Aerial Vehicles: Ray Tracing vs. Measurements

Cited by 9 publications

References 9 publications

A Survey of Wireless Networks for Future Aerial COMmunications (FACOM)

A Survey of Wireless Networks for Future Aerial COMmunications (FACOM)

Experimental Characterization of Air-to-ground Propagation at mm-Wave Frequencies in Dense Urban Environment

An UAV-Based Experimental Setup for Propagation Characterization in Urban Environment

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