Shaking table tests on a small-scale steel cylindrical silo model in different filling conditions

Jing, Hang; Huifang, Chen; Yang, Jinping; Li, Peizhen

doi:10.1016/j.istruc.2022.01.026

Cited by 29 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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BackgroundSilo structures are utilized extensively in different sectors for storing and conveying granular materials in multiple activities such as farming, mining, chemical, mineral processing, and energy areas [1][2][3][4][5]. Several studies have extensively studied the pressures exerted on circular silos since they are the most commonly used in different applications.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Current design of rectangular steel silos: limitations and improvement

Abdelbarr,

Ramadan,

Hilal

et al. 2024

J. Eng. Appl. Sci.

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This study proposes a modification for the current design approach for square and rectangular silos that accounts for silos’ wall flexibility. First, the authors investigated the effect of wall stiffness symbolized by the wall width-to-thickness ratio (a/t) and silo’s dimensions, on the wall-filling pressure using a recently validated 3D finite element model (FEM). The model was then employed to predict the pressures acting on silos’ walls accounting for the stress state in stored granular materials. Most design formulas and guidelines assume silos’ walls to be rigid. This assumption is acceptable for the case of rigid wall concrete silos; however, it is questionable for semi-rigid, flexible wall metal silos. Consequentially, it is crucial to determine the minimum wall stiffness necessary to secure the applicability of the current design rigid wall assumptions and to propose a way to deal with semi-rigid and flexible walls. To this end, several wall pressure distributions that correspond to filling steel silos with varied wall thicknesses were studied. A new adjustment to the Janssen technique was proposed for a better estimate of the wall-filling pressures for square and rectangular silos. In the case of prismatic silos, the Eurocode uses the Janssen equation together with an equivalent radius of a corresponding circular silo (with the same hydraulic radius) to determine the wall pressure. This method predicts pressure values that are practically accurate for rigid-wall silos, but its accuracy decreases for semi-rigid and flexible-wall silos. As an enhancement, the Janssen equation was modified in this research to generate more accurate pressure estimates based on the equivalent volume concept. The finite element results of several developed models with the same granular material were compared to the estimations of the newly established approach to verify the broad range of its applicability.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Current design of rectangular steel silos: limitations and improvement

Abdelbarr,

Ramadan,

Hilal

et al. 2024

J. Eng. Appl. Sci.

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show abstract

“…In addition, the dynamic amplification increases along the height of the silo with maximum value at the top of the ensiled content and the additional normal pressure increases with the depth. Another recent experimental study was presented by Jing et al [30] based on shaking table test and considering different real and artificial earthquake excitations. The study reported the favorable effect of the existence of the granular material on the energy dispassion of the grain-silo system.…”

Section: Seismic Behavior Of Ground-supported Steel Silosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fragility Curves for Steel Industrial Silos Accounting for Filling Level of Granular-Like Material

Khalil,

Ruggieri,

Tateo

et al. 2023

Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Computational Methods in Structural Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering (COM

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This study presents an assessment on the seismic fragility of ground-supported steel silos storing solids. As key units in the different industrial sites, storage systems are crucial for the proper and continuous functionality of the relevant industrial operations that can be intended for vital activities such as the food supply. Nevertheless, it is undeniable that storage systems are more vulnerable to seismic events than other units as evidenced in the past. In this context, this work aims to estimate the seismic fragility of ground-supported steel silos, which represent a very common form of storage systems containing granular material. The effect of key factors, such as the silo geometry and the absence/existence of the filling material, which significantly affect the seismic behavior of silos was addressed. In addition, the governing damage patterns is determined. To achieve these goals, two different silos with different distinctive geometries (slender and squat) were investigated considering the empty case and the 90%-filled case. First, a detailed numerical model was built for the investigated cases by using finite element software ABAQUS. After a phase of model validation, the dynamic properties of the silos under investigation were assessed through eigenvalue analysis, while the seismic buckling capacity of the different silos were evaluated through nonlinear static and time-history analysis. Finally, fragility curves of silos were derived by identifying the most critical buckling capacity corresponding to the specific damage patterns, showing the influence of each parameter on the seismic vulnerability and behavior of these kinds of structures.

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“…To simulate changes in the dynamic physical characteristics of grain unloading from silos, a discrete-element approach was used to model the combined particles. Some experts and scholars [10][11][12][13] have also focused on the research of seismic response and silo lateral pressure under earthquake. Zhou et al 11 used ABA-QUS finite element software to establish a numerical model of silo structure for calculation and analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research on seismic response and dynamic lateral pressure of the silo model under dynamic interaction between granular materials and the silo wall

Zhang,

Yang,

Wang

2024

Structural Concrete

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The purpose is to study seismic response and dynamic lateral pressure of the silo wall with different storage conditions under the earthquake. FEM was used to conduct dynamic time history analysis of the silo. The seismic response of the empty silo was smaller than that of the filled silos, and for the latter, under seismic action, the bulk sand particles and the silo wall had a more complex dynamic interaction, and nodes displacements on the wall and columns mainly fluctuated rising. For the deformation of the bulk sand, it was similar to a parabolic pattern in section, the closer to the silo center the greater the deformation was, and the farther away from the silo center the smaller the deformation was. The maximum acceleration was near the top of the wall in the empty silo, near the middle of the wall in contact with bulk sand in the filled silos. Nodes maximum overpressure coefficient was 1.6 and 2.9 in half fully and fully filled silos, respectively, but the coefficient 2.9 was greater than the standardized value of 2.0, therefore, the suggested overpressure coefficient was proposed. Meanwhile, Mises stress was investigated, and it was smaller in the empty silo, but larger in the filled silos, particularly in and around the ring beam due to the dynamic interaction between the sand and the silo wall, where the stiffness had a sudden change, and the maximum stress at the ring beam increased gradually with the seismic action.

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Shaking table tests on a small-scale steel cylindrical silo model in different filling conditions

Cited by 29 publications

References 25 publications

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Current design of rectangular steel silos: limitations and improvement

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Current design of rectangular steel silos: limitations and improvement

Fragility Curves for Steel Industrial Silos Accounting for Filling Level of Granular-Like Material

Research on seismic response and dynamic lateral pressure of the silo model under dynamic interaction between granular materials and the silo wall

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