Shallow throughflow variability in the outflow Straits of Indonesia

Chong, Jackson; Sprintall, Janet; Hautala, Susan; Morawitz, Werner; Bray, N. A.; Pandoe, Wahyu W.

doi:10.1029/1999gl002338

Cited by 50 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…An earlier version with only one third the horizontal mixing strength had a transport of 185 Sv, consistent with other GCMs with weaker horizontal mixing such as 180 Sv (FRAM ¤ 1991) and 190 Sv (Semtner and Chervin 1988). Our modelled transport through the Indonesian Archipelago of 17 Sv with both the BS and CA open (Table 1) is also higher than observational estimates of 7-15 Sv (Meyers et al 1995;Chong et al 2000) but comparible with those found in other modelling studies (e.g. 15-18 Sv, Semtner and Chervin (1988); 15 Sv, Gwilliam (1995)).…”

Section: Model Resultscontrasting

confidence: 33%

“…The OGCM was initialized with climatological temperature (Levitus et al 1994) and salinity (Levitus and Boyer 1994) Gordon (1986); Schmitz (1995) b Nowlin and Klinck (1986); Grose et al (1995) c Meyers et al (1995); Chong et al (2000) less than 250 m, consistent with the 150 m depth used by Goosse et al (1997a). Each integration was for 4500 years.…”

Section: Model Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of flow through the Canadian Archipelago and Bering Strait on the North Atlantic and Arctic circulation: An ocean modelling study

Wadley

Bigg

2002

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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SUMMARYAn ocean general-circulation model with an orthogonal curvilinear grid is presented, with the grid north pole over Greenland to achieve improved resolution in the Greenland and Labrador Seas. The model is integrated for 4500 years in ve different experiments, with open and closed connections to the Arctic via the Bering Strait (BS) and Canadian Archipelago (CA). When the BS and CA connections are open the Atlantic overturning circulation has a realistic strength (20 Sv), whereas there is stronger overturning with either (25-31 Sv) or both (39 Sv) the connections closed due to additional deep-water formation in the Labrador Sea. The volume uxes across the Greenland-Iceland-Scotland ridge are reasonably close to those observed with the two connections either open or closed. With only the BS closed, low-salinity waters leave the Arctic via the CA, giving a weak East Greenland Current, whereas with only the CA closed deep-water formation in the Nordic Seas is weak due to the passage of excess low-salinity water originating from the Paci c via the BS. The simulations suggest that both the CA and BS connections to the Arctic in uence the North Atlantic circulation. Closing the BS reduces the effective freshwater input to the Arctic, leading to a strong Atlantic overturning circulation. Closing the CA leads to increased salinity in the Labrador Sea, and additional deep-water formation. It is therefore recommended that both these seaways should be represented in ocean general-circulation models.

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Section: Model Resultscontrasting

confidence: 33%

Section: Model Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of flow through the Canadian Archipelago and Bering Strait on the North Atlantic and Arctic circulation: An ocean modelling study

Wadley

Bigg

2002

Quart J Royal Meteoro Soc

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“…The different branches of this broad throughflow have velocities of 10s of centimeters per second up to 1 m s −1 or more in the main Indonesian straits such as the Makassar, Lombok, or Ombai Straits (e.g. Chong et al 2000, Sprintall et al 2009). As adult leatherbacks travel at a typical swimming speed of 0.4 to 0.6 m s −1 (Eckert 2006, Fossette et al 2010a, individuals attempting to return to their natal beach would often be slowed, stopped, or even moved backwards by the currents, making the trip particularly challenging.…”

Section: Missing Dispersal Patternsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oceanic dispersal of juvenile leatherback turtles: going beyond passive drift modeling

Gaspar

Benson

Dutton

et al. 2012

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The current paper presents the first detailed investigation of open-ocean dispersal of hatchlings and juveniles of the critically endangered western Pacific leatherback turtle Dermochelys coriacea populations nesting in New Guinea. Dispersal patterns were simulated by releasing particles drifting passively, or almost passively, into a state-of-the-art World Ocean circulation model. Analysis of the simulation results combined with sighting, genetic, bycatch, and adult satellite tracking information reveals that: (1) Hatchlings emerging from the main New Guinea nesting beaches are likely to be entrained by highly variable oceanic currents into the North Pacific, South Pacific, or Indian Oceans. Those drifting into the Indian Ocean likely suffer very high mortality. This suggests that, as ocean current variability determines the partition of hatchlings into different dispersal areas, it also largely influences juvenile survival rate at the population level. (2) Within 1 to 2 yr, most passively drifting juveniles reach temperate oceanic regions where the water temperature in winter drops well below the minimum temperature likely tolerated by such small individuals. This leads us to hypothesize that, after an initial period of mostly passive drift, juveniles initiate active swimming towards lower (warmer) latitudes before winter and back again towards higher latitudes, where food abounds, during spring. Such seasonal migrations would significantly slow the eastward progression of individuals circulating in the North Pacific current. This slower drift scenario better explains the size distribution of leatherbacks observed, or incidentally caught by pelagic fisheries, in the North Pacific. This dispersal mechanism combining passive drift with active habitat-driven seasonal migrations might well apply to many other sea turtle populations and deserves further study.

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“…The potential predictability of ocean dynamics in the proximity of the ITF has attracted considerable interest in recent years [Qiu et al, 1999;Chong et al, 2000;Potemra et al, 2002;Syamsudin et al, 2004;Wijffels and Meyers, 2004;Iskandar et al, 2005Iskandar et al, , 2006Yu and Potemra, 2006;Atmadipoera et al, 2009]. For example, Wijffels and Meyers [2004] explored observation-based temperature and sea level variability within the Indonesian seas and southeast Indian Ocean.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%