Shape analysis using the thin-plate spline: Neanderthal cranial shape as an example

Yaroch, Lucia Allen

doi:10.1002/(sici)1096-8644(1996)23+<43::aid-ajpa3>3.0.co;2-a

Cited by 27 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…The TPS analysis (20,21), one of the geometric morphometrics, generates useful illustrations of shape differences, and displays more information on morphological differences than in the past. The TPS analysis utilized an interpolation function that maps points or landmarks of a reference configuration onto the corresponding location of another configuration, and further, it can plot the morphological differences between two landmark configurations by way of a transformation grid (41,42). Therefore, TPS analysis goes beyond traditional shape analysis by gaining more morphological information from the landmarks under study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Craniofacial morphometric analysis of mandibular prognathism

Chang

Liu

Yang

et al. 2006

J of Oral Rehabilitation

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The purpose of this study was to provide more information about the morphological characteristics of the craniofacial complex in mandibular prognathism. Forty young adult males having mandibular prognathism were compared with 40 having normal occlusion. This was conducted to carry out geometric morphometric assessments to localize alterations, using Procrustes analysis and thin-plate spline analysis, in addition to conventional cephalometric techniques. Procrustes analysis indicated that the mean craniofacial, midfacial and mandibular morphology was significantly different in prognathic subjects compared with normal controls. This finding was corroborated by the multivariate Hotelling T(2)-test of cephalometric variables. Mandibular prognathism demonstrated a shorter and slightly retropositioned maxilla, a greater total length and anterior positioning of the mandible. Thin-plate spline analysis revealed a developmental diminution of the palatomaxillary region anteroposteriorly and a developmental elongation of the mandible anteroposteriorly, leading to the appearance of a prognathic mandibular profile. In conclusion, thin-plate spline analysis seems to provide a valuable supplement for conventional cephalometric analysis because the complex patterns of craniofacial shape change are visualized suggestive by means of grid deformations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Craniofacial morphometric analysis of mandibular prognathism

Chang

Liu

Yang

et al. 2006

J of Oral Rehabilitation

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“…Formal description of thin-plate splines (TPS) and partial warp analysis can be found in Bookstein (1991). Further summaries and applications in anthropology can be looked up in Yaroch (1996) and Bookstein et al (1999).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thin‐plate spline analysis of allometry and sexual dimorphism in the human craniofacial complex

Rosas

Bastir

2002

American J Phys Anthropol

281

137

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The relationship between allometry and sexual dimorphism in the human craniofacial complex was analyzed using geometric morphometric methods. Thin-plate splines (TPS) analysis has been applied to investigate the lateral profile of complete adult skulls of known sex. Twenty-nine three-dimensional (3D) craniofacial and mandibular landmark coordinates were recorded from a sample of 52 adult females and 52 adult males of known age and sex. No difference in the influence of size on shape was detected between sexes. Both size and sex had significant influences on shape. As expected, the influence of centroid size on shape (allometry) revealed a shift in the proportions of the neurocranium and the viscerocranium, with a marked allometric variation of the lower face. Adjusted for centroid size, males presented a relatively larger size of the nasopharyngeal space than females. A mean-male TPS transformation revealed a larger piriform aperture, achieved by an increase of the angulation of the nasal bones and a downward rotation of the anterior nasal floor. Male pharynx expansion was also reflected by larger choanae and a more posteriorly inclined basilar part of the occipital clivus. Male muscle attachment sites appeared more pronounced. In contrast, the mean-female TPS transformation was characterized by a relatively small nasal aperture. The occipital clivus inclined anteriorly, and muscle insertion areas became smoothed. Besides these variations, both maxillary and mandibular alveolar regions became prognathic. The sex-specific TPS deformation patterns are hypothesized to be associated with sexual differences in body composition and energetic requirements.

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“…After initial studies of two-dimensional data (e.g. Lynch et al 1996;Yarroch, 1996), the collection of three-dimensional data has become popular -though such data are sometimes analysed or visualized after reducing it by one dimension (de Leon & Zollikofer, 2001;O'Higgins et al 2001;Penin & Berge, 2001;Hennessy & Stringer, 2002;Rosas & Bastir, 2002)…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantifying temporal bone morphology of great apes and humans: an approach using geometric morphometrics

Lockwood¹,

Lynch

Kimbel³

2002

Journal of Anatomy

110

108

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The hominid temporal bone offers a complex array of morphology that is linked to several different functional systems. Its frequent preservation in the fossil record gives the temporal bone added significance in the study of human evolution, but its morphology has proven difficult to quantify. In this study we use techniques of 3D geometric morphometrics to quantify differences among humans and great apes and discuss the results in a phylogenetic context. Twenty-three landmarks on the ectocranial surface of the temporal bone provide a high level of anatomical detail. Generalized Procrustes analysis (GPA) is used to register (adjust for position, orientation and scale) landmark data from 405 adults representing Homo , Pan , Gorilla and Pongo . Principal components analysis of residuals from the GPA shows that the major source of variation is between humans and apes. Human characteristics such as a coronally orientated petrous axis, a deep mandibular fossa, a projecting mastoid process, and reduced lateral extension of the tympanic element strongly impact the analysis. In phenetic cluster analyses, gorillas and orangutans group together with respect to chimpanzees, and all apes group together with respect to humans.Thus, the analysis contradicts depictions of African apes as a single morphotype. Gorillas and orangutans lack the extensive preglenoid surface of chimpanzees, and their mastoid processes are less medially inflected. These and other characters shared by gorillas and orangutans are probably primitive for the African hominid clade.

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Shape analysis using the thin-plate spline: Neanderthal cranial shape as an example

Cited by 27 publications

References 56 publications

Craniofacial morphometric analysis of mandibular prognathism

Craniofacial morphometric analysis of mandibular prognathism

Thin‐plate spline analysis of allometry and sexual dimorphism in the human craniofacial complex

Quantifying temporal bone morphology of great apes and humans: an approach using geometric morphometrics

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