Shape, height, and location of the lingula for sagittal ramus osteotomy in Thais

Abstract

This study aims to investigate the shape, height, and location of the lingula in relation to surrounding structures for sagittal ramus osteotomy. Dried Thai mandibles were studied and compared with other races. From both sides of 92 mandibles, the shape of the lingula was classified into triangular, truncated, nodular, or assimilated types. Of 92 mandibles, 146 sides with at least a premolar and a molar on the same side were selected for distance measurement. Height of the lingula was measured from the lingular tip to the mandibular foramen. The location was determined by five distances from the lingular tip to: the anterior and the posterior borders of the mandibular ramus, the mandibular notch, the distal surface of the mandibular second molar, and the occlusal plane. The results showed that truncated lingulae were most frequently found (46.2%) and most appeared to be bilateral (71.7%). Triangular, nodular, and assimilated shapes presented in 29.9%, 19.6%, and 4.3%, respectively. The mean lingular height was 8.2 +/- 2.3 mm. The lingula was located at 20.6 +/- 3.5 mm from the anterior border of the mandibular ramus and 16.6 +/- 2.9 mm from the mandibular notch. In the majority of the mandibles studied, the lingula was located above the occlusal plane. In conclusion, the shape and metric characteristics of the lingula in relation to surrounding structures in Thais vary from other races. All parameters associated with the lingula should be considered for sagittal ramus osteotomy to avoid intraoperative complications.

Morphological evaluation of the mandibular lingula using cone-beam computed tomography

“…The study on Thai population reported by Kositbowornchai et al [12] the truncated shape occurred most commonly (47.2%) followed by the nodular (22.9%), triangular (16.7%) and assimilated shapes (13.2%), which are in accordance with the results of Jansisyanot et al [8] who studied 92 dry mandibles and the respective occurrence of the truncated, triangular, nodular, and assimilated shapes was 46.2, 29.9, 19.6 and 4.3%. Their results also showed that truncated lingula were most appeared to be bilateral, just as the study of Kositbowornchai et al [12].…”

“…The mean distance from lingula to the anterior border of the mandibular ramus in Sekerci and Sisman [22] study was 16.77 ± 2.74 mm and the distance from the lingula to the mandibular notch was 15.32 ± 2.46 mm. In another study, Jansisyanot et al [8] reported that the mean distance from the lingula to the anterior border of the mandibular ramus was 20.6 ± 3.5 mm and the distance from the lingula to the mandibular notch was 16.6 ± 2.9 mm.…”

“…The study of Jansisyanot et al [8] showed height of lingula to be 8.2 ± 2.3 mm on Thai mandibles. Monnazzi et al [15] reported the lingular height to be 5.82 ± 0.43 mm in Brazil population.…”

Mandibular Foramen Location and Lingula Height in Dentate Dry Mandibles, and its Relationship With Cephalic Index

“…Those anatomic structures are of clinical significance for the maxillofacial surgeon because of their relation to the inferior alveolar nerve (Jansisyanont et al, 2009;Kositbowornchai et al, 2007;Tuli et al, 2000;Cillo & Stella, 2005;Balcioglu et al, 2010).…”

“…The lingula of the mandible is a tongue-shaped bone projection on the medial aspect of the ramus, which lies in close proximity to the anterior margin of the mandibular foramen (Monazzi et al;Jansisyanont et al;Kim et al, 1997). Lingula has been an important landmark to perform the sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO), the most widely used surgical technique for correction of mandible positioning.…”