Shape Memory Alloy Wire for Force Sensing

D, Josephine Selvarani Ruth; Dhanalakshmi, K.

doi:10.1109/jsen.2016.2642299

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…The magnitude of the excitation current for smaller hysteresis is determined as 0.21 mA, and the corresponding force exerted by the SMA wire is 1.82 N as seen in Figure 3b. As presented in previous work, 21 to minimize the effect of hysteresis in sensing operation, thereby avoiding nonlinearity, a smaller amplitude of current 0.21 mA is chosen as the sensing current.…”

Section: Optimization Of the Activation Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…15,17 An elaborate study has been made in Bielefeldt et al 18 on the use of the particles of SMA as sensory elements in the identification of cracks on aircraft wings. SMAs are widely used as actuators, dampers, sensors, [19][20][21] self-sensing actuators, and in control applications. The outstanding properties of SMA like higher resistance to corrosion, higher power to weight ratio and good energy dissipation appear appropriate for structural health monitoring.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Defect mitigation and structural control of cantilevered structures using shape memory wire based resonant stiffness sensing

Kaliaperumal

2022

Structural Contr & Hlth

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This article presents a resonant sensing and control approach for the structural health monitoring (SHM) and rehabilitation of cantilever mechanical designs where independent, detachable shape memory alloy (SMA) wire with gravity bias functions as a resonating module that resonates the beam. Resonant stiffness sensing is implemented as the diagnostic tool for the structural health assessment, and the motor coupled linear actuation and positioning equipment is used for recuperation in this work. In this implementation, SMA acts as a vibration inducer to generate controlled vibration, and the corresponding resonant frequency shift for the identification of defects in the structure is sensed by an external sensor. The presence of cracks or misalignment on the structure affects the stiffness of the assembly that in turn is realized as a resonant frequency shift. Stiffness, the parameter that is prominently affected due to the deterioration of the health of the structure is controlled by the motor coupled lead screw that positions the cantilever engineering structure with desired stiffness by displacing the flexible beam. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach for SHM and rehabilitation.

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Section: Optimization Of the Activation Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Defect mitigation and structural control of cantilevered structures using shape memory wire based resonant stiffness sensing

Kaliaperumal

2022

Structural Contr & Hlth

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“…Only some scientific works are related to implementing closed-loop SMA actuators using the self-sensing effect. Most implement the actuator drive through an analog system: these systems need, at the controller level, a DAC and, in the power section, an operational amplifier [39][40][41][42][43]. Although PWM control is frequently used to control general actuators, it has been little studied for SMA wire actuators with self-sensing effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance Feedback for miniaturization of Shape Memory Alloys actuators

Durante,

Raparelli,

Beomonte Zobel

2024

Preprint

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This paper illustrates an experimental activity for the closed-loop position control of an actuator made using shape memory alloy (SMA) wire. A solution with the self-sensing effect was implemented to miniaturize the systems, i.e., without external sensors. A proportional control algorithm was initially used, demonstrating the idea's feasibility: the wire can behave simultaneously as an actuator and sensor. An experimental investigation was subsequently conducted for the optimization of the developed actuator. As for the material, a Flexinol wire, Ni-Ti alloy, with a diameter of 0.150 mm and a length of 200 mm, was used. Preliminarily, a characterization of the SMA wire at constant and variable loads was carried out: the characteristics detected are elongation vs. electric current and elongation vs. electrical resistance. The control system is PC-based with a data acquisition card (DAQ). A drive board has been designed and built to read the wire's electrical resistance and power it by pulse width modulation (PWM). A notable result is that the actuator works with good precision and in dynamic conditions, even when it is called to support a load up to 65% different from that for which the electrical resistance-length correlation has previously been experimentally obtained, on which the control is based. This opens up the possibility of using the actuator in a counteracting configuration with a spring, which makes hardware implementation and control management simple.

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“…Only some scientific works are related to implementing closed-loop SMA actuators using the self-sensing effect. Most implement the actuator drive through an analog system; these systems need, at the controller level, a DAC and, in the power section, an operational amplifier [39][40][41][42][43]. Although PWM control is frequently used to control general actuators, it has been seldom studied for SMA wire actuators with self-sensing effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resistance Feedback of a Ni-Ti Alloy Actuator at Room Temperature in Still Air

Durante,

Raparelli,

Beomonte Zobel

2024

Micromachines

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This paper illustrates an experimental activity for the closed-loop position control of an actuator made using shape memory alloy (SMA) wire. A solution with the self-sensing effect was implemented to miniaturize the systems, i.e., without external sensors. A proportional control algorithm was initially used, demonstrating the idea’s feasibility; the wire can behave simultaneously as an actuator and sensor. An experimental investigation was subsequently conducted for the optimization of the developed actuator. As for the material, a Flexinol wire, Ni-Ti alloy, with a diameter of 0.150 mm and a length of 200 mm, was used. Preliminarily, characterization of the SMA wire at constant and variable loads was carried out; the characteristics detected were elongation vs. electric current and elongation vs. electrical resistance. The control system is PC based with a data acquisition card (DAQ). A drive board was designed and built to read the wire’s electrical resistance and power it by pulse width modulation (PWM). A notable result is that the actuator works with good precision and in dynamic conditions, even when it is called to support a load up to 65% different from that for which the electrical resistance–length correlation has previously been experimentally obtained, on which the control is based. This opens up the possibility of using the actuator in a counteracting configuration with a spring, which makes hardware implementation and control management simple.

show abstract

Shape Memory Alloy Wire for Force Sensing

Cited by 13 publications

References 7 publications

Defect mitigation and structural control of cantilevered structures using shape memory wire based resonant stiffness sensing

Defect mitigation and structural control of cantilevered structures using shape memory wire based resonant stiffness sensing

Resistance Feedback for miniaturization of Shape Memory Alloys actuators

Resistance Feedback of a Ni-Ti Alloy Actuator at Room Temperature in Still Air

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