ShapeShop: Free-Form 3D Design with Implicit Solid Modeling

Abstract

Implicit modeling has been used since the early 1980s as an alternative to mainstream solid-modeling techniques. Beyond Boolean composition, implicit modeling integrates blending and deformation operators which allow complex free-form solid models to be more easily described. Recent advances have alleviated some of the major technical problems, such as visualization speed and surface control. In this chapter we describe how to combine these new techniques with a sketchbased 3D modeling interface, resulting in a powerful tool for quickly creating solid models. Our system, called ShapeShop, has been used as a testbed to investigate a range of problems, from real-time visualization [36] . Sketch-based 3D modeling is the common thread which ties all these various problems together [33,34,37,46].Much like the seminal Teddy system [18], ShapeShop is a tool for incrementally creating a 3D model using simple 2D sketches. From this starting point, many other sketch and pen-based interaction techniques have been adapted and integrated into the system. ShapeShop borrows liberally from work in sketching assistance [7,17], gestural systems [48], crossing interfaces [2], and suggestive modeling [16]. One long-term aspect of the ShapeShop project is to evaluate how these non-traditional techniques can be effectively combined within a complex interface.

Research Progress of 3D Style Design Based on Sketching

“…Real-time, interactive 3D sketch interpretation conversion system, you can create three-dimensional curves, surface model Sketch [4] I Love Sketch [7] Gesture 3D [5] Tape Drawing [6] Fitting 3D strokes 3D strokes is made up of the sequence of data points which is captured from the digital pen .Each data point is unique correspondence with the 3D coordinates of point ) , , ( p p p z y x P in space.Since 3D coordinates of points is discrete, in brush process, as the hand is shaking ,the strokes may seem smooth, but when the strokes are amplified, they are probobly not linear smooth , but curved line or a small zigzag lines. This requires regular fitting and brush strokes, which construct a curve with mathematical method, so that it can maximize the expression distributed shape and characteristics of these ordered, discrete data points .…”

SPAGHETTI: Editing Implicit Shapes Through Part Aware Generation

“…Neural implicit shapes. Non-neural implicit representations have been developed and used in a variety of 3D applications, such as reconstruction, modeling and morphing [Cohen-Or et al 1998;Carr et al 2001;Turk and O'Brien 2005;Schmidt and Wyvill 2011]. In these classical works, 3D shapes are implicitly approximated through a pre-defined family of functions, or interpolated distance fields.…”

“…Most of the recent research efforts have been focused on refining the quality of represented signals [Sitzmann et al 2020;Martel et al 2021] or leveraging implicit representations for shape reconstruction [Erler et al 2020;Genova et al 2020;Chabra et al 2020a]. While implicit surface representations are well established in classical shape modeling literature (e.g., [Cani et al 2008;Schmidt and Wyvill 2011]), so far only little attention has been given to editing of neural implicit shapes . In particular, conditioning the form of a neural implicit shape on specified user controls is not straightforward, further hindering the adoption in 3D creative applications.…”