Shaping liquid on a micrometre scale using microwrinkles as deformable open channel capillaries

Ohzono, Takuya; Monobe, Hirosato; Shiokawa, Kumi; Fujiwara, Masahiro; Shimizu, Yo

doi:10.1039/b912235d

Cited by 97 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 48 publications

(69 reference statements)

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“…Similarly, measuring wrinkles on cell membranes might provide important insight regarding cell locomotion (Burton and Taylor [12], Harris, Wild and Stopak [13]). Applications that exploit wrinkling to tune the optical properties of cavities (Kolaric, Vandeparre, Desprez, Vallee and Damman [14]) and to shape capillaries for micro-fluidic purposes (Ohzono, Monobe, Shiokawa, Fujiwara and Shimizu [15]) also seem relevant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Wrinkling of a Stretched Thin Sheet

Puntel

Deseri

Fried

2010

J Elast

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When a thin rectangular sheet is clamped along two opposing edges and stretched, its inability to accommodate the Poisson contraction near the clamps may lead to the formation of wrinkles with crests and troughs parallel to the axis of stretch. A variational model for this phenomenon is proposed. The relevant energy functional includes bending and membranal contributions, the latter depending explicitly on the applied stretch. Motivated by work of Cerda, Ravi-Chandar, and Mahadevan, the functional is minimized subject to a global kinematical constraint on the area of the mid-surface of the sheet. Analysis of a boundary-value problem for the ensuing Euler-Lagrange equation shows that wrinkled solutions exist only above a threshold of the applied stretch. A sequence of critical values of the applied stretch, each element of which corresponds to a discrete number of wrinkles, is determined. Whenever the applied stretch is sufficiently large to induce more than three wrinkles, previously proposed scaling relations for the wrinkle wavelength and, modulo a multiplicative factor that depends on the Poisson ratio of the sheet and the applied stretch and arises from the more general and weaker nature of geometric constraint under consideration, root-mean-square amplitude are confirmed. In contrast to the scaling relations for the wrinkle wavelength and amplitude, the applied stretch required to induce any number of wrinkles depends on the in-plane aspect ratio of the sheet. When the sheet is significantly longer than it is wide, the critical stretch scales with the fourth power of the length-to-width ratio but, when the sheet is significantly wider than it is long, the critical stretch scales with the square of that same ratio

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Wrinkling of a Stretched Thin Sheet

Puntel

Deseri

Fried

2010

J Elast

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“…As mentioned above, once a localized fold is formed, the neighboring multiple wrinkles decrease their amplitude, which inhibits the formation of water filaments in the adjacent region, because water filaments only penetrate wrinkled channels with sufficiently large aspect ratio (height/width) (29). Therefore, the next wrinkle invaded by a water filament has to be some distance away, where the effects of the first fold are diminished.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This experimental result suggests that wrinkles change into folds immediately after coming into contact with water, accompanied by the growth of water filaments. Such liquid filaments spontaneously form provided that the wetting angle θ for the surface falls below a critical value for a given aspect ratio (height/width) of wrinkles (28,29), because, for large θ, water from the droplet does not enter wrinkled channels. As described above, the wrinkled skin is highly sensitive to additional surface forces, and the surface tension due to the filaments pulls in the skin until the force is balanced by nonlinear elastic deformations in the fold.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous formation of aligned DNA nanowires by capillarity-induced skin folding

Nagashima

Kim

et al. 2017

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Although DNA nanowires have proven useful as a template for fabricating functional nanomaterials and a platform for genetic analysis, their widespread use is still hindered because of limited control over the size, geometry, and alignment of the nanowires. Here, we document the capillarity-induced folding of an initially wrinkled surface and present an approach to the spontaneous formation of aligned DNA nanowires using a template whose surface morphology dynamically changes in response to liquid. In particular, we exploit the familiar wrinkling phenomenon that results from compression of a thin skin on a soft substrate. Once a droplet of liquid solution containing DNA molecules is placed on the wrinkled surface, the liquid from the droplet enters certain wrinkled channels. The capillary forces deform wrinkles containing liquid into sharp folds, whereas the neighboring empty wrinkles are stretched out. In this way, we obtain a periodic array of folded channels that contain liquid solution with DNA molecules. Such an approach serves as a template for the fabrication of arrays of straight or wrinkled DNA nanowires, where their characteristic scales are robustly tunable with the physical properties of liquid and the mechanical and geometrical properties of the elastic system. DNA nanowires | capillary forces | wrinkling | folding | instability A ssembling biomolecules and microorganisms (e.g., virus and DNA) into a desired architecture has offered new routes to the fabrication of nanomaterials (1, 2). In particular, DNA nanowires have proven useful as a template to fabricate functional nanomaterials and as a platform for genetic analysis (3-5). Molecular combing and its derivatives have been used widely to obtain such nanowires using an aqueous solution of DNA molecules, where capillary forces of the solution at a receding meniscus act to stretch and immobilize the molecules on a solid surface (6). To manipulate the size, geometry, and alignment of nanowires, much effort has been devoted to controlling the evaporation of the solutions by adjusting experimental parameters, such as concentration and temperature, or applying external forces that move the droplets in a desired direction (7-9). However, these approaches require careful handling only to generate nanowires that are randomly positioned and oriented. Templates whose surfaces are decorated with patterns, such as microwells (10), nanogratings (11), and micropillars (12, 13), have been shown to guide the location of nanowires. However, the experimental approaches for creating such patterns largely rely on lithography-based methods, which involve complex processes that are not readily accessible.Mechanical instabilities that occur in response to external stimuli (e.g., loading and heat) and geometric constraints cause surface wrinkling and folding of skin-substrate systems, which are ubiquitous in nature and have been harnessed to create wrinkled and folded materials for versatile applications (14). The transition from wrinkling to folding occurs when the misma...

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“…Human skin as well as engineered materials are indeed prone to form wrinkles when compressed [1][2][3]. Although generally undesired, regular wrinkles observed on compressed thin films have been used for micro-patterning [4][5][6], to assess the magnitude of the forces acting on a cell wall [7] or to characterize material mechanical properties [8][9][10]. In flexible electronics systems, rigid circuits are also deposited on (or embedded into) elastomeric substrates.…”

Section: Copyright C Epla 2011mentioning

confidence: 99%

Stretch-induced wrinkles in reinforced membranes: From out-of-plane to in-plane structures

Takei

Brau

Roman

et al. 2011

EPL

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We study, through model experiments, the buckling under tension of an elastic membrane reinforced with a more rigid strip or fiber. In these systems, the compression of the rigid layer is induced through Poisson contraction as the membrane is stretched perpendicularly to the strip. Although strips always lead to out-of-plane wrinkles, we observe a transition from out-of-plane to in-plane wrinkles beyond a critical strain in the case of fibers embedded into elastic membranes. We describe through scaling laws the evolution of the morphology of the wrinkles and the different transitions as a function of material properties and stretching strain.

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Shaping liquid on a micrometre scale using microwrinkles as deformable open channel capillaries

Cited by 97 publications

References 48 publications

Wrinkling of a Stretched Thin Sheet

Wrinkling of a Stretched Thin Sheet

Spontaneous formation of aligned DNA nanowires by capillarity-induced skin folding

Stretch-induced wrinkles in reinforced membranes: From out-of-plane to in-plane structures

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