Shaping Self‐initiated Toileting in Infants

Smeets, Paul M.; Lancioni, Giulio E.; Ball, Thomas S.; Oliva, Doretta

doi:10.1901/jaba.1985.18-303

Cited by 30 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…One Vietnamese paper showed that infants can be trained by 1 year old, and that the postvoid residual urine volume decreased after infant TT [31] . Although the experience of the Digo people of Kenya is the most referenced paper [13] , the same ‘parent-centred’ technique was successfully applied in the Netherlands with 3–7-month-old infants [32] .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can evidence-based medicine change toilet-training practice?

2013

Arab Journal of Urology

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ObjectivesTo assess the evidence showing that a specific method of toilet training (TT) is more effective than others, as any method of TT recommended by a physician faces obstacles because parents rarely request advice on TT from physicians, and TT practices vary tremendously across cultures and socioeconomic levels.MethodsReports on the natural course of urinary incontinence in children and different methods of TT, published in English between 1946 and 2012, were reviewed. Specifically investigated were historical recommendations on TT, the prevalence of urinary incontinence during childhood, the outcome of TT methods, and the effect of culture and socioeconomic status on the choice of TT method and timing.ResultsTT now occurs at later ages than it did previously. This progression reflects changing ideas about normal childhood physiology and psychology. The prevalence of urinary incontinence in European countries progressively decreased in children aged between 6–7 years and 16–17 years old. TT methods change with increasing socioeconomic levels to ‘child-centred’ techniques applied at older ages, but the prevalence of urinary incontinence after ‘parent-centred’ techniques of TT at younger ages has not been studied. There is currently no evidence that a specific timing or method of TT is more effective or prevents voiding dysfunction.ConclusionsFollow-up studies of urinary continence in children toilet trained at 6–12 months of age might provide evidence for whether a given method or timing of TT is beneficial to prevent voiding dysfunction. The recommendations of physicians might be more readily adopted if they fit culturally accepted ideas of good parenting techniques.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Can evidence-based medicine change toilet-training practice?

2013

Arab Journal of Urology

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“…Over time, previous criterion responses are no longer sufficient for reinforcement and undergo extinction as closer approximations to the target response are reinforced (cf. Athens, Vollmer, & St. Peter Pipkin, 2007;Galbicka, 1994;Platt, 1973;Smeets, Lancioni, Ball, & Oliva, 1985).…”

Section: Extinction Of Schedule-maintained Respondingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Operant extinction: Elimination and generation of behavior.

Lattal¹,

Peter²,

Escobar³

2013

APA Handbook of Behavior Analysis, Vol. 2: Translating Principles Into Practice.

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“…All three of her sons, including one with Down syndrome, achieved bowel and bladder control before they could walk. This report inspired a later controlled prospective investigation that yielded identical results with all four infants studied [9]. In a pioneering cross-cultural investigation of traditional toilet training practices among the East African Digo tribe, deVries and deVries found training success occurred at approximately 4-6 months of age [4].…”

mentioning

confidence: 68%