Shared somatosensory and motor functions in musicians

Hosoda, Moe; Furuya, Shinichi

doi:10.1038/srep37632

Cited by 38 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Numerous studies have established that the relationship between temporal variability of a response and the mean time of the response-i.e., the Weber Coefficient-improves with practice (19)(20)(21)(22). Consistent with these observations, musicians generally exhibit superior precision in sensory and motor timing tasks (23)(24)(25). What has not been investigated, however, is whether temporal scaling improves with practice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Musical expertise generalizes to superior temporal scaling in a Morse code tapping task

Slayton

Romero-Sosa

Shore

et al. 2019

Preprint

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A key feature of the brain's ability to tell time and generate complex temporal patterns is its capacity to produce similar temporal patterns at different speeds. For example, humans can tie a shoe, type, or play an instrument at different speeds or tempi-a phenomenon referred to as temporal scaling. While it is well established that training improves timing precision and accuracy, it is not known whether expertise improves temporal scaling. We quantified temporal scaling and timing precision in musicians and non-musicians as they learned to tap a Morse code sequence. We found that controls improved significantly over the course of days of training at the standard speed. In contrast, musicians exhibited a high level of temporal precision on the first day, which did not improve significantly with training. Although there was no significant difference in performance at the end of training at the standard speed, musicians were significantly better at temporal scaling-i.e., at reproducing the learned Morse code pattern at faster and slower speeds. Interestingly, both musicians and non-musicians exhibited a Weber-speed effect, where absolute temporal precision sharpened when producing patterns at the faster speed. These results are the first to establish that the ability to generate the same motor patterns at different speeds improves with extensive training and generalizes to non-musical domains.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Musical expertise generalizes to superior temporal scaling in a Morse code tapping task

Slayton

Romero-Sosa

Shore

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Numerous studies have established that the relationship between temporal variability (as measured by standard deviation) of a response and the mean time of the response-i.e., the Weber Coefficient-improves with practice [22][23][24][25]. Consistent with these observations, musicians generally exhibit superior performance in a number of temporal, sensory, and motor tasks [26][27][28][29][30]. What has not been investigated, however, is whether temporal scaling improves with practice.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 78%

Musical expertise generalizes to superior temporal scaling in a Morse code tapping task

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A key feature of the brain's ability to tell time and generate complex temporal patterns is its capacity to produce similar temporal patterns at different speeds. For example, humans can tie a shoe, type, or play an instrument at different speeds or tempi-a phenomenon referred to as temporal scaling. While it is well established that training improves timing precision and accuracy, it is not known whether expertise improves temporal scaling, and if so, whether it generalizes across skill domains. We quantified temporal scaling and timing precision in musicians and non-musicians as they learned to tap a Morse code sequence. We found that non-musicians improved significantly over the course of days of training at the standard speed. In contrast, musicians exhibited a high level of temporal precision on the first day, which did not improve significantly with training. Although there was no significant difference in performance at the end of training at the standard speed, musicians were significantly better at temporal scaling-i.e., at reproducing the learned Morse code pattern at faster and slower speeds. Interestingly, both musicians and non-musicians exhibited a Weber-speed effect, where temporal precision at the same absolute time was higher when producing patterns at the faster speed. These results are the first to establish that the ability to generate the same motor patterns at different speeds improves with extensive training and generalizes to non-musical domains.

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“…The location of the sensors was adjusted so that the distal phalanx could exert the force to the sensor. We recorded the exerted force using a custom‐made force sensor system (Leading‐Edge Research and Development Accelerator, Inc., Tokyo, Japan) at 1 kHz . The resolution and maximum measurable force of the sensor were 0.05 and 49 N, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aberrant Somatosensory–Motor Adaptation in Musicians' Dystonia

et al. 2020

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A BS TRACT: Background: Some forms of movement disorders are characterized by task-specific manifestations of symptoms. However, its underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Here we addressed this issue through a novel motor adaptation experimental paradigm. Methods: Pianists with and without focal task-specific dystonia learned to play the piano with a key whose weight can be modified by a novel robot system. Results: The result clearly demonstrated a significantly larger error between the target and produced keystroke velocities in the patients than the controls following a repetition of keystrokes of the weighted key. This adaptation failure was not correlated with the variability of timing and velocity of the keystroke when the patients were playing unloaded piano keys, which suggests distinct effects of focal task-specific dystonia on motor adaptation and fine motor control. Immediately after a repetition of the strikes of the heavy key with keeping the fingers adducted, the error of the keystroke velocity when striking the key with the fingers more abducted was maintained in both the patients and controls. This generalization of the adaptation across different hand postures suggests that motor memory of dynamics of the piano key is independent of biomechanical properties of the hand. Importantly, a lack of difference in the finger muscular strength between the groups indicated that the adaptation failure was not attributed to deficit of muscular strength in the patients. Conclusions: These findings suggest that task-specific manifestation of dystonic movements in focal task-specific dystonia is associated with malfunctions of internal representation of mechanical properties of a well-trainedtool.

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Shared somatosensory and motor functions in musicians

Cited by 38 publications

References 41 publications

Musical expertise generalizes to superior temporal scaling in a Morse code tapping task

Musical expertise generalizes to superior temporal scaling in a Morse code tapping task

Musical expertise generalizes to superior temporal scaling in a Morse code tapping task

Aberrant Somatosensory–Motor Adaptation in Musicians' Dystonia

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