She said this might be God’s way of taking care of us. Family involvement in human trafficking

Adeyinka, Sarah; Lietaert, Ine; Derluyn, Ilse

doi:10.1108/ijmhsc-11-2022-0116

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Nigerian victims of trafficking often have long and difficult migration trajectories with repeated experiences of violence. Prior to departure, most Nigerian victims of trafficking are made to undergo juju rituals, a solemn oath-taking ceremony, during which the women and girls make a vow to repay the costs of the journey to the trafficker, and to keep the identity of the trafficker hidden (Adeyinka et al, 2022; Okojie et al, 2003). They also vow that if they break their oath, evil will befall them, then the juju ritualist keeps their personal items (e.g., pubic hair, nails, underwear) until the debt is fully paid (Oviasuyi et al, 2011).…”

Section: Human Trafficking Stigma and Labeling Of Nigerian Victimsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“You are merely a Nigerian prostitute”: Sexual stigma and labeling of Nigerian victims of trafficking in Italy.

Adeyinka¹,

Lietaert²,

Derluyn³

2023

Stigma and Health

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Considering the high number of Nigerian women in prostitution in Italy, many of whom are forced into it as victims of trafficking, this population is often confronted with negative perceptions and stigmas, and constantly experiences “sexual stigma.” Owing to the stigmatization and racial profiling that they encounter while traveling to Italy via the central Mediterranean route, they become more vulnerable to exploitation and different forms of abuse. However, little is known about the extent of the stigma, in particular, sexual stigma that these women and girls are confronted with during their migration journeys, after escaping the trafficking networks, and how they attempt to cope with these experiences. Using an intersectional approach which includes the participants’ identity as women and girls/female and Black, we analyzed the narratives of young Nigerian women and girls in Italy, as part of a longitudinal, qualitative study. Our findings show that these women and girls were and still are confronted with frequent and overt expressions of stigma and labeling, in particular sexual stigma, relating to participants’ gender, nationality, Blackness, and (perceived) migratory status. Constantly being approached to do the forced prostitution work that they escaped, they either avoid and isolate themselves from the Italian society or try to accept stigma as part of their daily realities. Demonstrating the far-reaching prevalence of (sexual) stigma in the lives of these women and girls, this will hopefully inform practitioners and policymakers about the impact and ripple effects of stigma and labeling, and the urgent need for relevant interventions.

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Section: Human Trafficking Stigma and Labeling Of Nigerian Victimsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“You are merely a Nigerian prostitute”: Sexual stigma and labeling of Nigerian victims of trafficking in Italy.

Adeyinka¹,

Lietaert²,

Derluyn³

2023

Stigma and Health

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“…Several factors have been identified that enable the human trafficking phenomenon to survive and thrive, such as poverty (Adepelumi, 2015), insufficient or lack of access to education, inequality (Akor, 2011), the devaluation of girls as economic burdens (Reid, 2010), family involvement in trafficking (Adeyinka et al, 2023b), neglect by family members, and weak legal systems (Davidson, 2005;Peters, 2013), including corrupt politicians and law enforcement officers (Ovuorie, 2014). Yet, in the case of Nigeria, one of the key elements employed by the Nigerian human trafficking rings to keep the women bound and subservient to them is juju and the use of juju rituals, which we will expand on in the next section.…”

Section: Trafficking Of Nigeriansmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Juju Rituals in Human Trafficking of Nigerians: A Tool of Enslavement, But Also Escape

Adeyinka,

Lietaert,

Derluyn

2023

Sage Open

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In 2018, the Oba (King) of Benin city in Edo state (Nigeria), a spiritual and traditional leader with significant authority, made a public, spiritual declaration on Nigerian human traffickers (especially those originating from Edo state) and proclaimed that victims of trafficking who were bound by oaths taken during the juju rituals were free. The Nigerian trafficking network relies mainly on juju as a control mechanism to keep the victims bound and subservient to them. Based on repeated in-depth interviews with young Nigerian women and teenager teenage victims of human trafficking for sexual exploitation, this article discusses how juju is used by the trafficking networks to keep their victims exploited, enslaved and indebted. Concurrently, the participants’ narratives also illustrate the important impact of the declaration of the Oba for some women and teenagers in their process to leave the trafficking networks.

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She said this might be God’s way of taking care of us. Family involvement in human trafficking

Cited by 2 publications

References 49 publications

“You are merely a Nigerian prostitute”: Sexual stigma and labeling of Nigerian victims of trafficking in Italy.

“You are merely a Nigerian prostitute”: Sexual stigma and labeling of Nigerian victims of trafficking in Italy.

The Role of Juju Rituals in Human Trafficking of Nigerians: A Tool of Enslavement, But Also Escape

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