Shear rate and cooling modeling for the study of candelilla wax organogels’ rheological properties

Álvarez-Mitre, F.M.; Toro‐Vázquez, Jorge F.; Moscosa-Santillán, Mario

doi:10.1016/j.jfoodeng.2013.06.009

Cited by 18 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The enormous potential of waxes has been appreciated by many research groups and accordingly, the gelation behavior of waxes has been studied extensively with respect to the chemical properties of waxes (composition and impurities) [2], thermodynamics and kinetic aspects of wax crystallization (fractal aggregation, thermal properties, crystal morphology, and cooling rates) [1,10,11], and bulk response of gels to small and large deformations (rheology and texture analysis) [12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Waxes as Oil Structurants

Patel

2015

Alternative Routes to Oil Structuring

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Wax-based oleogels display very interesting and complex rheological behavior; the physical gels of liquid oils created using natural waxes can be assumed to have characteristics of both the flocculated suspensions and semidilute polymer solutions. In this chapter, a comparative evaluation of six different natural waxes (with differing melting ranges) is described mainly with respect to their network forming properties at their respective minimum gelling concentrations to give the readers a comprehensive understanding of wax-based oleogels.Keywords Wax-based oleogels · Rheology · Microstructure · Cryo-SEM · Small amplitude oscillatory shear · Crystallization IntroductionAmong various structurants that are so far explored for gelling vegetable oils, natural waxes are considered to be the most promising ones because of their excellent oilbinding properties [1], economical value (capable of gelling oils at significantly lower concentrations, as low as 0.5 %wt) [2], and availability of a number of waxes that are approved for use in foods (albeit as indirect additives) [3,4]. Moreover, gels formed using waxes have interesting properties such as thermo-reversibility (gelsol transition as a function of temperature) [5,6] and stabilization of water-in-oil emulsions [7][8][9], which further justifies their popularity as structuring agents for edible oils.The enormous potential of waxes has been appreciated by many research groups and accordingly, the gelation behavior of waxes has been studied extensively with respect to the chemical properties of waxes (composition and impurities) [2], thermodynamics and kinetic aspects of wax crystallization (fractal aggregation, thermal properties, crystal morphology, and cooling rates) [1,10,11], and bulk response of gels to small and large deformations (rheology and texture analysis) [12][13][14].In this chapter, a comparative evaluation of six different natural waxes (with differing melting ranges) is described mainly with respect to their network forming properties at their respective minimum gelling concentrations to give the

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Waxes as Oil Structurants

Patel

2015

Alternative Routes to Oil Structuring

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“…The crystallization behavior is related to concentration of gelator [ 10 ], cooling rate [ 11 , 12 ], and shear rate on fat crystals [ 13 , 14 ]. Depending on the system, gels are formed by different forces and interactions and there are some parameters that affect, such as pH, ionic force, and mechanical forces.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Commercial Saturated Monoglyceride, Mono-/Diglycerides Mixtures, Vegetable Oil, Stirring Speed, and Temperature on the Physical Properties of Organogels

Rocha-Amador

Gallegos‐Infante

Rocha‐Guzmán

et al. 2014

International Journal of Food Science

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The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of gelator, vegetable oil, stirring speed, and temperature on the physical properties of obtained organogels. They were prepared under varying independent conditions and applying a fractional experimental design. From there a rheological characterization was developed. The physical characterization also included polarized light microscopy and calorimetric analysis. Once these data were obtained, X-Ray diffraction was applied to selected samples and a microstructure lattice was confirmed. Commonly, the only conditions that affect crystallization have been analyzed (temperature, solvent, gelator, and cooling rate). We found that stirring speed is the most important parameter in the organogel preparation.

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“…CW is a worldwide recognized food additive approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) [5]. Recently, CW has been also used to prepare organogels, which are bi-continuous colloidal systems that coexist as a micro-heterogeneous solid that can immobilize an organic liquid phase resulting in a system with viscoelastic and thermo-reversible properties [5,7]. Until now, the studies on organogels based on CW have been related to food applications, but potential applications can also be envisaged in pharmaceutical, cosmetic, industrial, and art fields.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study on Exfoliation of Expanded Graphite Stacks in Candelilla Wax

Lionetto

López-Muñoz²,

Espinoza-González³

et al. 2019

Materials

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A novel, green route for pre-exfoliation of graphite based on a biodegradable polymer and high-power ultrasound is presented. Candelilla wax (CW), derived from the leaves of the candelilla plant, has been used for the first time as a natural non aqueous medium to induce the pre-exfoliation of expanded graphite (EG) under ultrasonic irradiation in an economical way. The proposed method uses also D-limonene as a natural organic solvent for reducing viscosity and increasing the affinity between the polar groups of EG and candelilla wax, thus improving the intercalation/exfoliation of EG. The quality of dispersion of the nanofiller in the natural wax matrix has been evaluated using multiple techniques. The addition of EG to wax and use of ultrasonic treatment leads to a reduced crystallinity, probably due to restrictions of the molecular movements, improved thermal stability of wax, and to an increased shear thinning exponent, which are all indicative of a high degree of EG dispersion. The ultrasonic dynamic mechanical results suggest a reduction in the cluster size and a better filler dispersion in the wax matrix promoted by polar or chemical reactions between the CW fractions and the graphite stacks, which was observed by XPS analysis. The results were compared to those obtained with paraffin, a synthetic wax, and confirmed the dispersion improvement obtained by using natural wax as a pre-exfoliating medium.

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Shear rate and cooling modeling for the study of candelilla wax organogels’ rheological properties

Cited by 18 publications

References 29 publications

Natural Waxes as Oil Structurants

Natural Waxes as Oil Structurants

Influence of Commercial Saturated Monoglyceride, Mono-/Diglycerides Mixtures, Vegetable Oil, Stirring Speed, and Temperature on the Physical Properties of Organogels

A Study on Exfoliation of Expanded Graphite Stacks in Candelilla Wax

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