Shear strength of tyre chip–sand and tyre shred–sand mixtures

Abstract

Mixtures of shredded tyres with sand have become accepted geo-materials in the past decade, especially for use as fill materials. Owing to the large size of tyre shreds commonly used in practice, large-scale direct shear testing equipment is specially fabricated to obtain the shear strength parameters of mixtures. The effect of tyre shred-to-sand mixing ratio on the mechanical response of the mixtures is studied by performing direct shear tests on mixtures prepared at different mixing ratios. Out of the four types of samples tested, three (with mixing ratios of 20/80, 25/75 and 35/65 by weight of tyre shreds to sand) are prepared using 50 to 100 mm long tyre shreds and one (25/75 by weight of tyre chips to sand) using tyre chips with nominal size of 9·5 mm. The end-of-test friction angle of all the tyre shred–sand mixtures considered in this research is in the 30–33° range. Results of direct shear testing from the present study and other studies in the literature show that the shear strength of tyre shred–sand mixtures is greater than that of tyre chip–sand mixtures because the elongated tyre shred pieces are able to provide greater reinforcement effects than are possible with equidimensional (cubical) tyre chips.

Physical and Mechanical Properties of Granulated Rubber Mixed with Granular Soils—A Literature Review

“…Granulated tire sizes according to ASTM D6270-17 [24]. * Balunaini [28], ** Mashi . Granulated tire sizes according to ASTM D6270-17 [24].…”

Experimental study on sand-tire chip mixture foundations acting as a soil liquefaction countermeasure

“…A distinction of scrap tire chips into different sizes and shapes can be found in Bernal-Sanchez (2020), based on ASTM D6270. Numerous studies have demonstrated that when the waste tires are added in the sand as tire derived aggregate (tire chips or shreds), the overall shear strength of the mixture can increase for up to certain tire ratio, which in most cases is below 30% (Edil and Bosscher 1994;Foose et al 1996;Tatlisoz et al 1998;Wu et al 2002;Zornberg et al 2004;Ghazavi and Sakhi 2005;Attom 2006;Rao and Dutta 2006;Kim and Santamarina 2008;Edincliler et al 2010;Cabalar 2011;Mohamad et al 2013;Balunaini et al 2014;Fu et al 2014;Mashiri et al 2015). However, when the tires are used as particulate rubber (crumbs), it has been observed that the shear strength of the mixture drops (Masad et al 1996;Youwai and Bergado 2003;Sheikh et al 2012;Pasha et al 2019;Tasalloti et al 2021).…”

Hydromechanical Behavior of Soil with Tire Fibers

“…The inclusion of tire-derived materials into the soil has been the focus of several studies, such as reinforcement for road subsoil or as a component of fill material (Bosscher et al, 1997;Edinçliler & Cagatay, 2013), light fill material for containment structures (Reddy & Krishna, 2017;Moghadam et al, 2018), or as an asphalt additive (Xu et al, 2017), due not only to the potential for finding an adequate destination for waste tires, but also because of the characteristics that these materials provide to the soil. Experimental results reported in the literature show that there are improvements to physical properties and to the tensionstrain behavior of soils that have been reinforced with pneumatic waste material (Ozkul & Baykal, 2007;Tafreshi et al, 2012;Balunaini et al, 2014;Fu et al, 2014;Anvari et al, 2017).…”